tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15655500781211303722023-11-15T06:49:28.137-08:00Paper writing helpLhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.comBlogger184125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-52000679382035044792020-08-26T02:45:00.001-07:002020-08-26T02:45:13.798-07:00Japanese Animation And Its GlobalizationJapanese Animation And Its Globalization Japanese anime follows its underlying foundations to the mid 1900s yet very few of the early works have made due for shifted reasons. One reason that prompted the loss of these works was the offer of reels to littler films once the clasps had run. These were then dismantles and sold as single edges, yet even with the loss of the early anime works, Japanese anime made significant fame development during the 1970s when movie producers in Japan explored different avenues regarding activity procedures utilized in the western world (West (2008). The purpose behind this achievement was that in as much as the movie producers investigated the western procedures, they completely separated themselves with the western roots and rather created various types among the mecha. With this, anime went standard in Japan during the 80s and what followed was a blast underway. Genuine Robot, Space Opera, Macross and Gundam were among some of 80s best anime. Today, as different segments in the Japanese economy are battling, income from anime related items has ascended to over $100 billion, up from a tenth of this figure ten years prior (Brienza 2009). Anime is without a doubt a deliverer to the Japanese culture. It is of a great deal important to have the option to see how what was at first focused at Japanese kids has today become such a worldwide sensation. This is the thing that we try to discover. Development and Globalization of Japanese Animation Development of anime a middle issues of language hindrance and particular world societies is one thing that has never stopped to astound anime darlings and pundits the same. The world is today a worldwide town and anime has been grasped in all the edges of the globe, with fans connecting and examining new and old creations in web journals and fan destinations (Leonard, 2004). Something that energized development of anime to the sides of the world was fan dispersion. Fan Distribution Anime was dispersed among fans during the 70s through to the 90s by means of different non ordinary techniques. Fans made duplicates which were coursed to different fans and this made anime fan organizes particularly in America which imported and conveyed recordings to countless underground aficionados (Leonard, 2004).All this occurred during the pre web age and with the development of fan systems, so did numerous players inside those circles make fortunes. Information and love for Japanese movement spread by means of these underground systems and in the process boundless business abuse of anime was seen. Prominence of Anime in the American market It ought to be very surely known that the American social Imperialism was not a factor in pulling anime and other Japanese items to America and rather individuals willfully acknowledged anime for reasons that a few specialists state were on the grounds that they gave an option in contrast to Hollywood (Davis, 2008). As innovation improved, so did the fan systems utilize the accessible advancements to spread the anime message and more fans went ahead board. Language hindrance was conquered when the fans added captions to the recordings and actually, fan captions is a selective component of anime. The captions were encouraged toward the finish of the 80s in America following a wide accessibility of PCs that were essentially Commodore Amiga and Macintosh brands (Auzenne, 1994). The accessibility of generator locking gadget, an equipment that empowered TVs to acknowledge two synchronous signs of video sign and PC yield made it conceivable to have captions that were recorded on tapes and appropriated to the enormous system of fans. With captions, fans couldn't just value the designs yet in addition comprehend the substance of anime and how they portrayed the different parts of the Japanese culture. One of the best anime was Astra Boy, a creation that acknowledged colossal business achievement is as yet cherished today. (Auzenne, 1994). When Walt Disney discharged Spirited Away coordinated by Hayao Miyazaki which did very well both in America and Japan eventually out selling Titanic in Japan, the film business paid heed and as of now, American film organizations making interests in this section (Davis, 2008). They are for the most part pulled in to anime for their costs, creating anime is route less expensive than the square busters and they do make colossal achievements in theaters and DVD deals, combined with the film business being high hazard and large spending creations flopping wretchedly, anime has introduced a brilliant chance to movie producers in America to make back the initial investment with their creations Anime has since developed from an underground fortune creator during the 70s to a standard monetarily feasible industry. In America, anime has won the hearts of numerous and the triumphant of an Oscar by Miyazaki Hayaos anime, Spirited Away, in 2002 for best enlivened element film was an away from of exactly how much anime has been grasped in the American lifestyle (Davis, 2008). Today, America is animes greatest market with anime TV programs in the US bouncing from13 toward the beginning of the 90s to 37 in the principal quarter of 2006 (Davis, 2008). In 2004, the incomes from character permitting, home recordings and film screenings beat $2.94 billion which was substantially more than what the estimation of steel imported by US from Japan, also Pokemon and Yu-Gi-Oh! made it to Americas top five prime time vivified programs, anime is obviously Japans greatest fare to the states today. Innovation has since been an impetus to the spread of anime as fans could with the web, interface and purposeful on subjects and new discharges (Auzenne, 1994). Subtitlers otherwise called fansubbers have likewise not been deserted, today, they can without much of a stretch locate each other on the web and work together to decipher the most recent anime. The interpretation procedure for Manga involves a fan examining the pages and messaging them to an interpreter who might then mean a language of decision, normally English, an editor would then check the interpretation after which some other individual known as the cleaner would supplant the Japanese with English into the discourse bubbles. The last item is then accessible for nothing down burdens on the web. The web has by and by given space for distributing and appropriation of anime at an unexpected scale and is one of its greatest development fixings. Japanese anime has figured out how to confront American animation creations for reasons that it is a lot of un-Disney and thusly offers an option in contrast to activity sweethearts in different pieces of the world like Europe where a few people are very awkward with American creations for their realism and vulgarism which is probably going to impact their rich social legacy that has been saved for some ages, a hazard they can't bear. A few pundits contend that the world is moving towards homogeneity with the American culture being the world culture yet the acknowledgment of anime and Manga in Europe inspired by a paranoid fear of being Americanized is a reasonable show that individuals around the globe are yet to set their social legacy aside for the American lifestyle. Anime unmistakably separates sex with advertise specialties appropriately isolated for young ladies, young men, youngsters and ladies. Manga isolates sexual orientation jobs and this makes the emotional anime story line in sex slanting stories when characters connect the wide hole between the genders. An average model is the anime Ranma 1/2 dependent on a Manga by Rumiko Takahashi in which a kid who in light of a past plunge in a Chinese enchantment pool transforms into a young lady when sprinkled with cold water. The boundaries of the two sexual orientations are unmistakably delineated in this piece (Levi, McHarry Pagliassotti 2008). Americans have unmistakably gone past acknowledgment and accepted the business open doors introduced by the prevalence of manga and anime. Hollywood has not been kept separate from the blast and Walt Disney has today made gigantic interests in the workmanship, which separated from being mainstream, is likewise rewarding, coming when most film industry motion pictures are not earning back the original investment, anime isn't only a salvage to the Japanese culture however a jolt to Hollywood . Anime and manga in Europe and different pieces of the world Other than America, Miyazakis Spirited Away additionally won a Golden Bear Award at the Berlin International Film Festival in 2002. As toward the beginning of 2006 there were 18 Japanese anime airing on a German TV channel. China is one spot that Japanese anime isn't relied upon to be well known given the earnestness with which remote substance is limited by the legislature. The presentation of the enlivened component film Gin-iro-no Kami no Agito at 1000 performance centers in the spring of 2006 in China was a demonstration of how simply much Japanese anime has assumed control over the world. The purpose behind anime accomplishment outside Japan, Kubo Masakavu, the central maker of Pokeman stated, was the quality that is totally different from western liveliness with the distinction being its characters that he said catch the core of watchers and draws out their feelings (West, M. I. 2008). The United Kingdom is one of the most successive nations. The British have for ages been doubtful about different societies and today, they communicate particular TV programs from their American siblings. A glance at programming on Cebebees, a kids channel of the BBC, delineates a culture that has kept its ethics flawless for ages. It is with these preservationist belief systems that the acknowledgment of Manga and anime in the British culture has never stopped to astonish numerous pundits. At the point when anime by the name, the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles appeared in the UK, the crowd felt that the word Ninja was an improper implication that was unfit for the animes youthful crowd and the title was changed to Teenage Mutant Hero Turtles. (Laird Eastman, 2009). A few articles were expounded on anime in significant papers particularly in The Independent during the mid 90s when Island World and the ghastliness story Urotsukidoji were discharged with the later being ineffectively appraised by its crowd who professed to have had bad dreams. (Laird Eastman, 2009). Indeed, even w Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-4729909815171081552020-08-22T06:41:00.001-07:002020-08-22T06:41:27.672-07:00Comparing Frankenstein, Origin of the Species and Decent of Man EssayLooking at Frankenstein, Origin of the Species and Decent of Manâ â I will show in this paper how Mary Shelley's Frankenstein affirms, and simultaneously repudiates Darwin's thoughts introduced in The Origin of the Species and The Decent of Man. Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is without a moment's delay, affirming, and conflicting of Charles Darwin's logical revelations and perspectives on science, nature and the connection of the person to society. Mary Shelley affirms Darwin's thoughts through Frankenstein, when Dr. Frankenstein and Darwin both reject God as the maker of human life. In spite of the fact that this is a significant subject in the two works, it is the main comparative thought shared between both Darwin and Frankenstein. Darwin's comprehension of nature is tantamount to that of Mary Shelley; albeit how the individual identifies with society is gravely extraordinary between the two works. One of Darwin's respecting pupils, Andrew Carnegie, the creator of The Gospel of Wealth, gives us how conflicting these thoughts are corresponding to one another. His thoughts of legacy and the direct of man are in conflict with the activities of Shelley's Dr. Frankenstein. All through Darwin's works the possibility of the dismissal of God as maker of man wins. He implies ancient marine Ascidian hatchlings, as the ancestors to the later developed individuals we are today. This would give kudos for the production of man to the procedure of advancement, not to the handicraft of a Supreme Being. Species had not been autonomously made, however had slipped, similar to assortments, from other species(Appleman, 36). Darwin is appearing here what ends he happened upon about the Inception of the Species, in which he utilized science to demonstrate his hypotheses. He is supplanting God with thoughts... ...beneficiary works, giving the intensity of creation to development and humankind. They likewise both present comparable perspectives on nature, considering it to be a device for logical investigation and not as a miracle of magnificence as it is frequently observed today. Utilizing crafted by Andrew Carnegie to show Darwinian thoughts regarding the person in the public eye, we can see that these thoughts emphatically negate those which Shelley presents in Frankenstein. In general I accept that Mary Shelley's Frankenstein embodies numerous thoughts communicated in progress of Darwin, enough that they can be considered improving of one another as far as examination. Works Cited: Darwin, Charles. The Origin of Species. New York: Gramercy Books, 1979. Darwin, Charles. The Descent Of Man. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 1998. Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. Ed. D.L. Macdonald and Kathleen Scherf. Plantation Park, NY: Broadview Press, 1999. Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-21027983824703804242020-08-13T03:22:00.001-07:002020-08-13T03:22:03.082-07:00Dantes Inferno Contrapasso EssayDantes Inferno Contrapasso Essay Dante was an unremarkable man: his writing and especially The Divine Comedy â" has had an unusually large influence on not just Italy and the Italian culture, but also western civilization and Christianity in general. Why The Divine Comedy is very popular? This narrative epic poem is very sophisticated but very popular. You may wonder why it had such an influence⦠The answer might be that Dante was one of the first writers who explained Hell and the structure of it in very detailed way. Such descriptive writing inspired many artists to illustrate his manuscripts with images. This strong influence on the visual arts still have a lasting impression on the Western imagination for more then 700 years. Moreover, it has inspired the film makers so they started to take the idea Dante has suggested to the movies (Contrapasso is the fifth episode of the HBO science fiction thriller television series Westworld which refers to Danteâs Inferno). Thus, the episode title âContrapassoâ reflects the problem of Dehumanization and Dantes Nine and made huge resonance from Dante Alighieriâs The Divine Comedy. Letâs see what made Dantes writing so dramatic and striking. Contrapasso definition Before Dante, Hell was where sinners suffered because of their inability to feel the love of God. But Dante invented the concept of contrapasso, the idea that sinners should be punished in a way they deserve so their sin will dictate the way of the punishment. To start from the beginning, we need to define the term âContrapassoâ. Contrapasso (or, in modern Italian contrappasso) is derived from the Latin contra and patior, which mean suffer the opposite. Basically, it is a reflection of the sin being punished. Contrapasso refers to the punishment of souls in Dantes Inferno, by a process either resembling or contrasting with the sin itself.â But the idea of contrapasso is not an invention of Dante. It is the old moral-juridical principle of retribution embodied in the expression an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth which was first formulated in the Old Testament books of Exodus (21:23ff.) Leviticus (24:17-20) and Deuteronomy (19:21). Danteâs Inferno: contrapasso summary Every punishment for the crime committed is described in Inferno is intended to represent a contrapasso. To summarize the sins and its punishment in a corresponding way people sinned: resembling or contrasting with the sin itself, letâs make a journey: by following Danteâs descent circle by circle through the eternal abode of lost souls to define the contrapasso examples that best illustrate Danteâs concept of the latter. Circle 1: Limbo It is the only place within Hell that contrapasso doesnât apply. In Limbo reside the unbaptized and the virtuous pagans, who, though not sinful, did not accept Christ and who are punished with eternity in an inferior form of Heaven. Circle 2: Lust. In this circle, Dante sees Semiramis, Paris, Cleopatra and many others who experienced sensual love in their life. These souls are blown to and from by the terrible winds of a violent storm, without hope of rest. This symbolizes the power of lust to blow one about needlessly and aimlessly. Circle 3: Gluttony The âGreat Wormâ Cerberus guards the gluttons, forced to lie in a vile slush produced by ceaseless foul, icy rain. The gluttons lie here sightless, careless and heedless of their neighbours, symbolising the cold, selfish, and empty sensuality of their lives. Slush and mud here reveal the true nature of sensuality â" which includes not only overindulgence in food and drink, but also other kinds of addiction. Thus, cconterpasso is expressed with a rain of sewage combined with attacks of Cerberus. Circle 4: Avarice and Prodigality Those whose attitude toward material goods deviated from the appropriate mean are punished in the fourth circle. They include the avaricious or miserly people who hoarded possessions, and the prodigal, who squandered them. These sinners must push rocks using their chests in opposite directions until they meet, and then the process repeats. Circle 5: Anger Those who are aggressive or idle are doomed to struggle and suffer endlessly. Conterpasso here is presented as the wrathful fight on the muddy bank and the idle gargle and choke on black mud. Circle 6: Heresy It is represented as the entrance into Lower Hell. The major characteristic of this canto is the confrontation between Dante and the forces of evil. Conterpasso is reflected in the way that sinners burn in a sepulcher (tomb) for eternity. Circle 7: Violence A fictional versionâ of Dante is ordered to cross the river of boiling blood while being punished by the arrows of the Centaurs. The contrapasso concerns the ones who spilled anothers blood now must bathe in it for eternity and get pelted by the arrows of centaurs. For the ones committed suicide there is a special punishment: they are turned into trees and pecked at by Harpies. If a man was violent against God, he is doomed to suffer from Eternal rain of fire coming from the heavens, and if a man was violent against Nature, he is ordered to run throughout the fiery sands beneath the rain of fire. Circle 8: Fraud The eighth circle is called Malebolge (evil pouches, or ditches). This place is reserved to the sin of fraud. Contrapasso here is divided into two categories: 1st pouch: Panderers or Seducers. Sinners are forced to run back and forth within their ditch and are whipped by horned demons. 2nd pouch: Flatterers. Sinners are sunk in a river a shit which is supposed to represent their words There are different punishment for such sinners: to be buried upside down and set on fire. to get their head (skull) twisted backwards, mute and forced to walk around the circle forever. to be thrown into a river of boiling pitch and guarded by flying demons with grappling hooks and barbs. to be tormented by serpents whose bite causes the body to spontaneously combust, but to regenerate shortly thereafter. Circle 9: Treachery The last Ninth Circle of Hell is divided into 4 Rounds according to the seriousness of the sin though all residents are frozen in an icy lake. Contrapasso here is divided into two categories: If a man committed a sin to Kin- he must be buried in ice from the neck down, but can move their necks. If a man committed to the Country- he must be buried in ice from the neck down, but cannot move their necks. There is a special punishment for Traitors. Traitors against guests and benefactors are doomed to suffer in the following way: the first ones are punished so that only half of their faces are out of the ice and their tears freeze inside their eye socket. For Benefactors sinners completely engulfed in the ice in horrible positions with the inability to speak. To sum up, we can make the following conclusion. By presenting hell in the vernacular, he also found novel ways to portray already well-formed concepts attempting to expound upon the traditional notions. Dante does not want to redefine justice, but only to explain stating that for every sinnerâs crime there must be an equal and fitting punishment. Dante introduced the concept of different punishments for different wrong deeds done. He described each punishment in detail, as level after level where the punishment would gradually increase. No doubt this masterpiece of writing has played an important role in the creation of a great many outstanding works of art. Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-49035019641989120092020-05-23T22:20:00.001-07:002020-05-23T22:20:03.143-07:00Rome, Father Of Western Civilization - 1634 Words Rome, father of Western civilization. When we think of Rome we think of names like Augustus, Constantine, Trajan, and of course Julius Caesar. These men did not accomplish their victories with their own bare hands, but with the loyalty and fervor of their men, their appendages. These men, are not unlike us today, they had families, friends, ambitions, and emotions, and despite how separated they may seem to us by time, and culture, they still bled for their nation, and their people. The men under Caesar, a professional, cold-blooded army didnââ¬â¢t start that way. In the Roman Republic, social classes can be broken down into a dichotomy between the plebeians and the patricians, and though there was some middle ground, as well as classes suchâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Another letter from soldier named Apion to his father, wishing the best for his family and friends back home, and thanking his father for raising him so well(Great Names 1). These were just people who volunteered to serve their nation, to both bring honor to their family, and seemingly out of legitimate love for their homeland. We can see a sort of proto-nationalism began to come about in Rome that would only return more than a millennium later, The Roman army before the time of Caesar, had gone through centuries of reform. During the second Punic War Scipio Africanus had witnessed the disastrous failure of the Roman army in Cannae at the hands of Hannibal, and so instituted reforms to the army in order to train them to better maneuver on the battlefield(Cavizzi). With his better trained and disciplined men he was able to defeat Hannibalââ¬â¢s army in the Battle of Zama ending the war(Cavizzi). Another important reformer was Marius. Marius noticed that the Roman army had trouble filling its ranks when only recruiting from patricians, and landless plebeians, and so instituted a policy that allowed all able bodied men to serve in the army(Cavizzi). This policy allowed for governors to bypass the senate in order to personally raise armies, and in turn it changed the loyalty of soldier from the Republic to their commander, this would facilitate the rise of Caesar to power much later(Cavizzi). The Roman army could therefore be broken into three ranks,Show MoreRelated Women changing From Hellenistic to Late Antiquity Essay777 Words à |à 4 Pageshave specific roles that they each carry out. During ancient times, in most western cultures, women were inferior to men. Womenââ¬â¢s status seemed to change in a pattern that repeated it self from one time period to another. Gradually, the status of women did change from political standpoints of the societies. From political power to having the right last name, women have transformed and became a huge part of Western Civilization. During times of Hellenic Greece, women were considered naturally weakerRead MoreCivilization is Connected from the Mesopotamians to the Powerful Roman Empire836 Words à |à 4 Pagesthat have left an enduring influence. Society has developed many components which became foundational to Western culture from the Mesopotamian civilizations to the emergence of the Romans. The contributions of a variety of cultures shaped the course of Western history. The Mesopotamians and Egyptians are among the first civilizations to make a valuable contribution to Western Civilization. Both Babylonians and Egyptians managed to produce written systems of communicating ideas. The BabyloniansRead MoreConstantine : A Influential Leader1295 Words à |à 6 PagesNaissus, Moesia, to father Flavius Valerius and mother Helena. His father became Roman emperor in around 305 CE. He was elected to the position of emperor by Maximalla, who was the emperor of Western Rome at the time. 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The civilization owes much of its heritage Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-60773247921251170862020-05-12T21:15:00.001-07:002020-05-12T21:15:03.324-07:00Christianity And The Jewish Religion - 2350 Words Christianity In the initial decades of the Roman Empire, at the eastern end of the Mediterranean, a new religion, Christianity, emerged. Much of the impetus for this new religion rested in issues in the Jewish religion, including a long-standing belief in the coming of a Messiah and rigidities that had developed in the Jewish priesthood. Whether or not Christianity was created by God, as Christians believe, the early stages of the religion focused on cleansing the Jewish religion of stiff rituals and haughty leaders. It had little at first to do with Roman culture. Christianity arose in a remote province and appealed particularly to the poorer classes. It is not easy, as a result, to fit Christianity neatly into the patterns of Roman history: It was deliberately separate, and only gradually had wider impact.(Robert A. Guisepi) Symbol The Christian cross has traditionally been a symbol representing Christianity or Christendom as a whole. The Christian cross was in use from the time of early Christianity, but it remained less prominent than competing symbols (Ichthys, Staurogram, Alpha and Omega, Christogram, Labarum, etc.) until the medieval Crusades. Early Christianity had use for such symbols due to the persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire, as the symbol allowed inconspicuous identification of one Christian to another.(2016, Wikipedia) Druze Faith The Druze, also known as the Sons of Grace, are a secretive, tightly-knit religious sect whose origins can beShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding the Relation Between Judaism and Christianity844 Words à |à 4 Pagesmeans knowing the overall aspects of Christianity. 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Christianity and Judaism share a common ground in that they are both ancient religions, much of the Jewish and Christian laws have had to be revitalized to fit the changing times. Much like the Po pe of the Catholic religion, in the Jewish faith the Pharisees haveRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam992 Words à |à 4 PagesJudaism, Christianity and Islam are three of the most recognized monotheistic religions worldwide. These religions are often referred to as the Abrahamic religions because of their history to the founding father, Abraham. Judaism, Christianity and Islam are closely related with varying differences. Christianity was born from within the Jewish tradition, and Islam developed from both Christianity and Judaism. We take a look at some of the major similarities and major differences of these widely practicedRead MoreChristianity And The Rise Of Christianity1395 Words à |à 6 PagesChristianity is the historical religion stemming from the teachings of Jesus Christ in the 1st century AD. ââ¬Å"Of all the great religions Christianity is the most widespread and has the largest number of adherents.â⬠It is the worldââ¬â¢s largest and most influentia l religion in history. Christianity can be found on every corner of the globe with nearly two billion followers at the beginning of the 21st century. It is the predominant religion in Europe, the Americas, and Southern Africa. This religion basedRead MoreThe Prophet, Muhammad, Islam1349 Words à |à 6 PagesJudaism and Christianity both originate in Palestine, but Judaism commenced over 3,500 years ago while Christianity found its beginning in 33 C.E. Christianity was created by Christ, the son of God, while Abraham was the man credited with founding Judaism. Assuredly, albeit Judaism, Christianity and Islam were founded in divergent times, the religions still hold similarities in beliefs and teachings. However, differentiations are still present and significant. In ancient times the religions of Judaism Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-2071063316772572602020-05-06T12:54:00.001-07:002020-05-06T12:54:07.039-07:00Styles and Themes of Samuel Richardson Free Essays string(83) " of those would become the Speaker of the House of Commons \(Kinkead-Weekes 667\)\." Styles and Themes of Samuel Richardson Samuel Richardson wrote his novels using the epistolary novel style, in which all the books are made up of letters. These letters are meant to be written during the time that the stories take place by the main character. They either described a scene or dialogue within the scene (Brophy 245). We will write a custom essay sample on Styles and Themes of Samuel Richardson or any similar topic only for you Order Now The stories used the themes of female dominance over the emotions of a man, and male dominance over the physicality of a woman. Also, many women in his stories are put under a great amount of distress, which takes up most of the plot of the novel (ââ¬Å"Richardson Criticismâ⬠). Little is known of Richardsonââ¬â¢s early years beyond the few things that Richardson was willing to share. Although he was not forthcoming with specific events and incidents, he did talk about the origins of his writing ability; Richardson would tell stories to his friends and spent his youth constantly writing letters. One such letter, written when Richardson was almost 11, was directed to a woman in her 50s who was in the habit of constantly criticizing others (Brissenden 2). ââ¬Å"Assuming the style and address of a person in yearsâ⬠, Richardson cautioned her about her actions. However, his handwriting was used to determine that it was his work, and the woman complained to his mother (Harris 68). The result was, as he explains, that ââ¬Å"my mother chides me for the freedom taken by such a boy with a woman of her yearsâ⬠but also ââ¬Å"commended my principles, though she censured the liberty taken (Brophy 245). â⬠Pamela was immediately and extremely popular with the reading public. Richardson initially also enjoyed critical acclaim and was considered one of the most important English novelists. His contemporaries focused almost exclusively on his moral teachings, and most praised the author for his judgment and honesty. Richardsonââ¬â¢s stated purpose in his works was moral instruction and thus when his sincerity was eventually questioned, and his work attacked by Fielding in parodies including Shamela, Richardson defended himself with explanations and revisions, particularly in the third edition of Pamela. Fielding ridiculed Pamelaââ¬â¢s obsession with chastity and her tendency to measure the rewards of virtue in material terms (Harris 87). Fieldingââ¬â¢s interpretation of Pamela established the opposition between ââ¬Å"Pamelistâ⬠and ââ¬Å"anti-Pamelistâ⬠which has persisted to the present day (Brissenden 32). Richardsonââ¬â¢s popularity rapidly diminished in the nineteenth-century until he was generally neglected. However, critics would on occasion mention him as historically important for advancing the epistolary form. William Hazlitt perceptively wrote that his works combine the romance of fiction with the ââ¬Å"literal minuteness of a common diary. â⬠Twentieth-century critics have emphasized Richardsonââ¬â¢s concept of self (Brissenden 12). His characterââ¬â¢s extreme self-awareness can be read at different levels; according to both Richardson and critics, the characters are not as bound to the truth as they continually claim. Elements of Richardsonââ¬â¢s work have often been praised in spite of their author; critics suggested that the depths of his work were present unconsciously or even by accident (Brissenden 32). Scholar A. D. McKillop argued convincingly to the contrary, that Richardson was a skilled, deliberate craftsman conscious of his work, its layers, and its meanings. Further rehabilitation to Richardsonââ¬â¢s reputation was gained from W. M. Saleââ¬â¢s painstaking bibliographic study and Ian Wattââ¬â¢s discussion of background and technique. Richardson is studied today as a psychological novelist and as a social historian for his descriptions and insight in regard to the relationships of the sexes in a patriarchal society, and to sexual themes in general (Brissenden 32).. While working for Wilde, he met a rich gentleman who took an interest in Richardsonââ¬â¢s writing abilities and the two began to correspond with each other. When the gentleman died a few years later, Richardson lost a potential patron, which delayed his ability to pursue his own writing career. He decided to devote himself completely to his apprenticeship, and he worked his way up to a position as a compositor and a corrector of the shopââ¬â¢s printing press. In 1713, Richardson left Wilde to become ââ¬Å"Overseer and Corrector of a Printing-Officeâ⬠. This meant that Richardson ran his own shop, but the location of that shop is unknown. It is possible that the shop was located in Staining Lane or may have been jointly run with John Leake in Jewin Street (Brophy 245). In 1719, Richardson was able to take his freedom from being an apprentice and was soon able to afford to set up his own printing shop, which he did after he moved near the Salisbury Court district close to Fleet Street. Although he claimed to business associates that he was working out of the well-known Salisbury Court, his printing shop was more accurately located on the corner of Blue Ball Court and Dorset Street in a house that later became Bellââ¬â¢s Building (Brissenden 12). On 23 November 1721 Richardson married Martha Wilde, the daughter of his former employer. The match was ââ¬Å"prompted mainly by prudential considerationsâ⬠, although Richardson would claim later that there was a strong love-affair between him and Martha. He soon brought her to live with him in the printing shop that served also as his home (Brissenden 14). One of Richardsonââ¬â¢s first major printing contracts came in June of 1723 when he began to print the bi-weekly The True Briton for Philip Wharton, 1st Duke of Wharton. This was a Jacobite political paper which attacked the government and was soon censored for printing ââ¬Å"common libel (Brophy 245). However, Richardsonââ¬â¢s name was not on the publication, and he was able to escape any of the negative fallout, although it is possible that Richardson participated in the papers as far as actually authoring one himself. The only lasting effect from the paper would be the incorporation of Whartonââ¬â¢s libertine characteristics in the character of Lovelace in Richardsonââ¬â¢s Clarissa, although Whart on would be only one of many models of libertine behavior that Richardson would find in his life. In 1724, Richardson befriended Thomas Gent, Henry Woodfall, and Arthur Onslow, the latter of those would become the Speaker of the House of Commons (Kinkead-Weekes 667). You read "Styles and Themes of Samuel Richardson" in category "Papers" In 1733, Richardson was granted a contract with the House of Commons, with help from Onslow, to print the Journals of the House. The twenty-six volumes of the work soon improved his business. Later in 1733, he wrote The Apprenticeââ¬â¢s Vade Mecum, urging young men like him to be diligent and self-denying (Brophy 245). The work was intended to ââ¬Å"create the perfect apprentice. Written in response to the ââ¬Å"epidemic Evils of the present Ageâ⬠, the text is best known for its condemnation of popular forms of entertainment including theatres, taverns and gambling. The manual targets the apprentice as the focal point for the moral improvement of society, not because he is most susceptible to vice, but because, Richardson suggests, he is more responsive to moral improvement than his social betters. His total staff during the 1730s numbered 7, as his first three apprentices were free by 1728, and two of his apprentices, Verren and Smith, died soon into their apprenticeship (Brophy 245). The loss of Verren was particularly devastating to Richardson because Verren was his nephew and his hope for a male heir that would take over the press (Kinkead-Weekes 67). Work continued to improve, and Richardson printed the Daily Journal between 1736 and 1737, and the Daily Gazetteer in 1738. During his time printing the Daily Journal, he was also printer to the ââ¬Å"Society for the Encouragement of Learningâ⬠, a group that tried to help authors become independent from publishers, but collapsed soon after. In December 1738, Richardsonââ¬â¢s printing business was successful enough to allow him to lease a house in Fulham. This house, which would be Richardsonââ¬â¢s residence from 1739 to 1754, was later named ââ¬Å"The Grangeâ⬠in 1836. In 1739, Richardson was asked by his friends Charles Irvington and John Osborn to write ââ¬Å"a little volume of Letters, in a common style, on such subjects as might be of use to those country readers, who were unable to invite for themselves. â⬠While writing this volume, Richardson was inspired to write his first novel (Brophy 245). Richardson made the transition from master printer to novelist on 6 November 1740 with the publication of Pamela: or, Virtue Rewarded. Pamela was sometimes regarded as ââ¬Å"the first English novel. â⬠Richardson explained the origins of the work (Brophy 245). In the progress, writing two or three letters to instruct handsome girls, who were obliged to go out to service, as we phrase it, how to avoid the snares that might be laid against their virtue, and hence sprung Pamelaâ⬠¦ Little did I think, at first, of making one, much less two volumes of itâ⬠¦ I thought the story, if written in an easy and natural manner, suitably to the simplicity of it, might possibly introduce a new species of writing, that might possibly turn young people into a course of reading different from the pomp and parade of romance-writing, and dismissing the improbable and marvelous, with which novels generally abound, might tend to promote the cause of religion and virtue (Kinkead-Weekes 47). After Richardson started the work on 10 November 1739, his wife and her friends became so interested in the story that he finished it on 10 January 1740. Pamela Andrews, the heroine of Pamela, represented ââ¬Å"Richardsonââ¬â¢s insistence upon well-defined feminine rolesâ⬠and was part of a common fear held during the 18th century that women were ââ¬Å"too bold. â⬠In particular, her ââ¬Å"zeal for housewiferyâ⬠was included as a proper role of women in society. Although Pamela and the title heroine were popular and gave a proper model for how women should act, they inspired ââ¬Å"a storm of anti-Pamelasâ⬠(like Henry Fieldingââ¬â¢s Shamela and Joseph Andrews) because the character ââ¬Å"perfectly played her part (Brophy 243). â⬠Later that year, Richardson printed Rivington and Osbornââ¬â¢s book which inspired Pamela under the title of Letters written to and for particular Friends, on the most important Occasions. Directing not only the requisite Style and Forms to be observed in writing Familiar Letters; but how to think and act justly and prudently, in the common Concerns of Human Life. The book contained many anecdotes and lessons on how to live, but Richardson did not care for the work and it was never expanded even though it went into six editions during his life. He went so far as to tell a friend, ââ¬Å"This volume of letters is not worthy of your perusalâ⬠because they were ââ¬Å"intended for the lower classes of people. In September 1741, a sequel of Pamela called Pamelaââ¬â¢s Conduct in High Life was published by Ward and Chandler. Although the work lacks the literary merits of the original, Richardson was compelled to publish two more volumes in December 1741 to tell of further exploits of Pamela, the title heroine, while ââ¬Å"in her Exalted Condition. â⬠The publicââ¬â¢s interest in the characters was waning, and this was only furthered by Richardsonââ¬â¢s fo cusing on Pamela discussing morality, literature, and philosophy. After the failures of the Pamela sequels, Richardson began to compose a new novel. It was not until early 1744 that the content of the plot was known, and this happened when he sent Aaron Hill two chapters to read. In particular, Richardson asked Hill if he could help shorten the chapters because Richardson was worried about the length of the novel. Hill refused, saying, You have formed a style, as much your property as our respect for what you write is, where verbosity becomes a virtue; because, in pictures which you draw with such a skillful negligence, redundancy but conveys resemblance; and to contract the strokes, would be to spoil the likeness (Kunitz 60). In July, Richardson sent Hill a complete ââ¬Å"designâ⬠of the story, and asked Hill to try again, but Hill responded, ââ¬Å"It is impossible, after the wonders you have shown in Pamela, to question your infallible success in this new, natural, attemptâ⬠and that ââ¬Å"you must give me leave to be astonished, when you tell me that you have finished it already. â⬠However, the novel wasnââ¬â¢t complete to Richardsonââ¬â¢s satisfaction until October 1746. Between 1744 and 1746, Richardson tried to find readers who could help him shorten the work, but his readers wanted to keep the work in its entirety (Kunitz 60). A frustrated Richardson wrote to Edward Young in November 1747: What contentions, what disputes have I involved myself in with my poor Clarissa through my own diffidence, and for want of a will! I wish I had never consulted anybody but Dr. Young, who so kindly vouchsafed me his ear, and sometimes his opinion (Brissenden 32). Richardson did not devote all of his time just to working on his new novel, but was busy printing various works for other authors that he knew. In 1742, he printed the third edition of Danielââ¬â¢s Tour through Great Britain. He filled his new few years with smaller works for his friends until 1748, when Richardson started helping Sarah Fielding and her friend Jane Collier to write novels. By 1748, Richardson was so impressed with Collier that he accepted her as the governess to his daughters (Brophy 243). In 1753, she wrote An Essay on the Art of Ingeniously Tormenting with the help of Sarah Fielding and possibly James Harris or Richardson, and it was Richardson who printed the work (Kunitz 60). But Collier was not the only author to be helped by Richardson, as he printed an edition of Youngââ¬â¢s Night Thoughts in 1749. By 1748 his novel Clarissa was published in full: two volumes appeared in November 1747, two in April 1748 and three in December 1748. Unlike the novel, the author was not faring well at this time. By August 1748, Richardson was in poor health. He had a sparse diet that consisted mostly of vegetables and drinking vast amount of water, and was not robust enough to prevent the effects of being bled upon the advice of various doctors throughout his life. He was known for ââ¬Å"vague ââ¬Ëstartingsââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëparoxysms'â⬠, along with experiencing tremors. Richardson once wrote to a friend that ââ¬Å"my nervous disorders will permit me to write with more impunity than to readâ⬠and that writing allowed him a ââ¬Å"freedom he could find nowhere else (Brissenden 32). â⬠However, his condition did not stop him from continuing to release the final volumes Clarissa after November 1748 (Brophy 243). To Hill he wrote: ââ¬Å"The Whole will make Seven; that is, one more to attend these two. Eight crowded into Seven, by a smaller Type. Ashamed as I am of the Prolixity, I thought I owed the Public Eight Vols. n Quantity for the Price of Sevenâ⬠Richardson later made it up to the public with ââ¬Å"deferred Restorationsâ⬠of the fourth edition of the novel being printed in larger print with eight volumes and a preface that reads: ââ¬Å"It is proper to observe with regard to the present Edition that it has been thought fit to restore many Passages, and several Letters which were omitted in the former merely for shortening-sa ke (Brophy 243). â⬠The response to the novel was positive, and the public began to describe the title heroine as ââ¬Å"divine Clarissa. It was soon considered Richardsonââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"masterpiece,â⬠his greatest work, and was rapidly translated into French in part or in full, for instance by the Antoine Francois Prevost, as well as into German. In England there was particular emphasis on Richardsonââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"natural creativityâ⬠and his ability to incorporate daily life experience into the novel (Brissenden 32).. However, the final three volumes were delayed, and many of the readers began to ââ¬Å"anticipateâ⬠the concluding story and some demanded that Richardson write a happy ending. One such advocate of the happy ending was Henry Fielding, who had previously written Joseph Andrews to mock Richardsonââ¬â¢s Pamela. Although Fielding was originally opposed to Richardson, Fielding supported the original volumes of Clarissa and thought a happy ending would be ââ¬Å"poetical justice (Brissenden 34). Others wanted Lovelace to be reformed and for him and Clarissa to marry, but Richardson would not allow a ââ¬Å"reformed rakeâ⬠to be her husband, and was unwilling to change the ending. In a postscript to Clarissa, Richardson wrote: If the temporary sufferings of the Virtuous and the Good can be accounted for and justified on Pagan principles, many more and infinitely stronger reasons will occur to a Christian Reader in behalf of what are called unhappy Catastrophes, from a consideration of the doctrine of future rewards; which is everywhere strongly enforced in the History of Clarissa (Brissenden 36). Although few were bothered by the epistolary style, Richardson feels obligated to continue his postscript with a defense of the form based on the success of it in Pamela. However, some did question the propriety of having Lovelace, the villain of the novel, act in such an immoral fashion. The novel avoids glorifying Lovelace, as Carol Flynn puts it, But Richardson still felt the need to respond by writing a pamphlet called Answer to the Letter of a Very Reverend and Worthy Gentleman (Peden 236). In the pamphlet, he defends his characterizations and explains that he took great pains to avoid any glorification of scandalous behavior, unlike the authors of many other novels that rely on characters of such low quality (Brissenden 32).. In 1749, Richardsonââ¬â¢s female friends started asking him to create a male figure as virtuous as his heroines ââ¬Å"Pamelaâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Clarissaâ⬠in order to ââ¬Å"give the world his idea of a good man and fine gentleman combined. â⬠Although he did not at first agree, he eventually complied, starting work on a book in this vein in June 1750. Near the end of 1751, Richardson sent a draft of the novel The History of Sir Charles Grandison to Mrs. Dunnellon, and the novel was being finalized in the middle of 1752. When the novel was being printed in 1753, Richardson discovered that Irish printers were trying to pirate the work (Brissenden 32).. He immediately fired those he suspected of giving the printers advanced copies of Grandison and relied on multiple London printing firms to help him produce an authentic edition before the pirated version was sold. In Grandison, Richardson was unwilling to risk having a negative response to any ââ¬Å"rakishâ⬠characteristics that Lovelace embodied and denigrated the immoral characters ââ¬Å"to show those mischievous young admirers of Lovelace once and for all that the rake should be avoided (Brissenden 32). â⬠At the same time as he was associating with important figures of the day, Richardsonââ¬â¢s career as a novelist drew to a close. Grandison was his final novel, and he stopped writing fiction afterwards. However, he was continually prompted by various friends and admirers to continue to write along with suggested topics. Richardson did not like any of the topics, and chose to spend all of his time composing letters to his friends and associates (Peden 236). The only major work that Richardson would write would be A Collection of the Moral and Instruction Sentiments, Maxims, Cautions, and Reflexions, contained in the Histories of Pamela, Clarissa, and Sir Charles Grandison. Although it is possible that this work was inspired by Johnson asking for ââ¬Å"index rerumâ⬠for Richardsonââ¬â¢s novels, the Collection contains more of a focus on ââ¬Å"moral and instructiveâ⬠lessons than the index that Johnson sought. Richardson was a skilled letter writer and his talent traces back to his childhood. Throughout his whole life, he would constantly write to his various associates (Peden 236). Richardson had a ââ¬Å"faithâ⬠in the act of letter writing, and believed that letters could be used to accurately portray character traits. He quickly adopted the epistolary novel form, which granted him ââ¬Å"the tools, the space, and the freedom to develop distinctly different characters speaking directly to the reader. â⬠The characters of Pamela, Clarissa, and Grandison are revealed in a personal way, with the first two using the epistolary form for ââ¬Å"dramaticâ⬠purposes, and the last for ââ¬Å"celebratoryâ⬠purposes (Peden 236). In his first novel, Pamela, he explored the various complexities of the title characterââ¬â¢s life, and the letters allow the reader to witness her develop and progress over time. The novel was an experiment, but it allowed Richardson to create a complex heroine through a series of her letters. When Richardson wrote Clarissa, he had more experience in the form and expanded the letter writing to four different correspondents, which created a complex system of characters encouraging each other to grow and develop over time (Kunitz 60). However, the villain of the story, Lovelace, is also involved in the letter writing, and this leads to tragedy (Brissenden 32). Leo Braudy described the benefits of the epistolary form of Clarissa as, ââ¬Å"Language can work: letters can be ways to communicate and justify. â⬠By the time Richardson writes Grandison, he transforms the letter writing from telling of personal insights and explaining feelings into a means for people to communicate their thoughts on the actions of others and for the public to celebrate virtue. The letters are no longer written for a few people, but are passed along in order for all to see (Brophy 243). Works Cited Brissenden, R. F. ââ¬Å"Samuel Richardson. â⬠British Writers. Ed. Ian Scott-Kilvert. Vol. 3. New York: Scribner, 1987. Print. Brophy, Elizabeth Bergen. Samuel Richardson: The Triumph of Craft. Knoxville: U of Tennessee P, 1974. Print. Eaves, T. C. Duncan, and Ben D. Kimpel. Samuel Richardson: a Biography. Oxford: Clarendon, 1971. Print. Harris, Jocelyn. Samuel Richardson. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1987. Print. Kearney, A. M. Samuel Richardson. London, Routledge K. Paul: Northumberland Limited, 1968. Print. Kinkead-Weekes, Mark. Introduction. Pamela. By Samuel Richardson. Vol. 1. London: J. M. Dent Sons, 1962. Print. ââ¬â. Samuel Richardson: Dramatic Novelist. Ithaca, NY: Cornell UP, 1973. Print. Kunitz, Stanley J. , and Howard Haycraft, eds. ââ¬Å"Samuel Richardson. â⬠British Authors Before 1800: A Biographical Dictionary. New York: H. Wilson, 1952. Print. Peden, William. ââ¬Å"Samuel Richardson. â⬠Critical Survey of Long Fiction. Ed. Carl E. Rollyson. Vol. 6. Pasadena, CA: Salem, 2000. Print. ââ¬Å"Samuel Richardson Criticism. â⬠ENotes ââ¬â Literature Study Guides, How to cite Styles and Themes of Samuel Richardson, Papers Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-68356834057430797072020-05-03T09:57:00.001-07:002020-05-03T09:57:04.436-07:00Racism issue in Kuwait Question: Describe about the Racism issue in Kuwait? Answer: Introduction Racism has been one of the major concerns that are faced by the people and groups in many of the developing and developed countries. It is termed as the characteristics or belief that attributes people based on the factors that are related to racism. People or groups promote or discourage the religious followings of some of the groups or people. Despite of efforts being made by the authorities, the success rate is quite less. Racism has been used as a powerful weapon for spreading fears, religion rebellion, and evil practices. This has increased the number of conflicts and internal wars against people following a particular religious method in the same country. Such factors have negatively impacted the economic performance of the country. As per the Article 19, every individual has a right of speech. This has also being mentioned under the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Racism is not limited to the type of words and sentences used to express the feelings and views of a group, against the other. It also includes the acts that have been performed against the other. The act in some cases has caused serious consequences and has impacted hundreds and thousands of people. This essay has been prepared to highlight the evil impact of racism in many of the Middle East countries including Kuwait. The discrimination has been common amongst the foreign workers who are employed by companies in Kuwait (Ali et al., 2011). The workers are provided with low wages, and less facilities which discriminates them from the residents of the country. Passports of the workers have been confiscated for improper reasons. The authorities in some cases treat the staffs as the second class residents or citizens. Such factors have become a serious concern, as the number of incidences is constantly increasing. The essay has articles published on two different newspapers. The contents were associated with the racism, and the impact of the practices on the people. Cases related to racism have become quite common at workplace and in organizing different programs or events (Act Alliance, 2011). Analysis of the problem Kuwait is a country that has been guided by the Islamic practices, and this is assumed by the people to be a peaceful country. However the fact is quite different from the stated reality. The laws formed and followed by the authorities of the country are not good enough to support the human rights that are required for the individual. The report also states that the Asian expats in Kuwait have the appropriate type of job, which contributes towards the economic development of the country. Nevertheless, the authorities fail to provide the members with the rights and benefits that are deserved by the expats (Aguna and Kovacevic, 2011). Employees are hired from many of the Asian countries at the lowest price. the companies dont have to pay a higher wage rates for the staffs being hired from such countries. However, the management of the company dont pay any benefits to the people hired from different parts of the globe. Approach to analyse the issue This is considered to be improper and contributes towards racism. Many workers are provided with illegal visas, which make the whole process illegal. Through such process, the management of the company attempts to increase the profits, and provide fewer benefits to the people. Rich and established people of the country, continue to earn lucrative profit every year, while poor fail to protect the rights that have to be provided to them. The issue related to racism has always been serious and thus the authorities have attempted to take the corrective steps that would control the consequences of the acts. In the past, the colonialism had caused racism, which included racial discrimination and implementation of intolerance rules on the people. The authorities in Kuwait had imposed strict rules on the Asian expats, which had made the event quite inhuman for the people. Impact of racism on the lives of the people from different descendants had to be analysed. Through this process, an effort for corrective actions and proper implementation of the steps for securing the lives of the people could be introduced for the people. Victims of the racism had to face lots of challenges in leading a normal live. Such rights were an integral part of the basic rights that were supposed to be provided to the people. The authorities had to take the correct steps through which the structure of the country for following the rights that has to be provided to the people has to be implemented (Alkire, Conconi, and Seth, 2014). Racism is a factor that impacts the economic performance of the country negatively. It also affects the cultural and social factors, which is considered to be essential for the development of the country. The factors that are associated with racism and racial discrimination have affected the performance of the country. In fact, it has caused underdevelopment of the nation, which is a serious concern for the people. Rights provided to men, children, and women has to be equal as this would help in analysing the challenges and implementing the right steps that would help in providing equal rights to the people residing in the country. Apart from providing equal rights, it is essential to develop and implement an effective rule that would provide equal and fair opportunities to the expats residing in the court. In other words, it is essential to introduce the right development steps that would provide an atmosphere to everyone (Amnesty International, 2012). As per an analysis report, it has been stated that Kuwait is one of the worst countries for expats to stay. This has been due to the poor results in the process of setting ease in the index system and valuing people. The process to get settled in Kuwait is not easy, as there are quite a few facilities that have been provided to the people. Media and other social networking system have played an important role in highlighting the trauma faced by the expats residing in Kuwait. Authorities have been working towards improving the laws that are meant to secure the people residing in the country. Rules drafted As per the amended rules, the legal authorities wouldnt be able to deport the people from the country without seeking permission from the interior ministry. New rule has been drafted to implement changes that would help in providing more benefits to the people. The rules have been amended by the Kuwait Society for Human Rights which is also called as KSHR. It has been stated that around 2.7 million people are expatriated from the country every year. Analytical review News channel and other medias play an important role in analysing the problem or issues faced by the people. Through such medium an effort has been made to implement the changes that would provide better help to the people who decide to reside in the country. Discrimination has a direct impact on the social economic factor of the country. Thus, it is imperative to control the problem and implement the right steps that would create awareness about the issue. The laws have been constantly reviewed and the required changes are implemented to provide better benefits to the people. Such process is meant to reduce the internal conflicts that affect the peace and harmony within the country. Due to an increase in the cases against racism, report about the violations against the people who have shifted from different parts of the globe to Kuwait has doubled up. Social Medias like the Kuwait times and other international Medias cover the serious consequences of the problem. This has been done with an intention of reducing the impact of racial discrimination on the people. It is essential to impose rules that would increase the value of democratic values, and encourage the people to form participatory governance. The group and the practices are followed by different states and countries in various political sector. This is one of the reasons, it becomes imperative to form and implement effective strategies and structures that would look into the factors that cause racism issue within the country. If the right steps are not taken, then it would affect the multi ethnic groups and other institutes that are followed within the country. Through this process, it is possible to control the discriminating factors or practices that are followed against the people from the minority group (Barro and Lee, 2013). Internal discrimination that prevails in the country is due to the different rules and policies that are followed by the people. In Kuwait, the people from some of the community are not provided with the nationality. Such groups are called as Bedoon. The group is expected to pay for the official documentation to enter into the country. Such individuals have to follow the stated rules for marrying, gaining the birth or the death certificates, issuing the drivers licenses, and requesting for the identification methods. Such groups of people have to visit the council of the government authorities, and implement the rights. The process is considered to be quite challenging and in some cases time consuming. Many of the groups of the people are not permitted to work within the country. This has affected the rights and privileges that have been provided to the people. Some of the imposed rules against the people are Inability to purchase property Not permitted to get the travel papers (Bevelander and Otterbeck, 2012). Thus, the rules for implementing the equal rules for the people has been drafted and implemented by the authorities. Recently, the authorities had simplified the rules for issuing the travel documents that are required for accomplishing the religious journey. However, it is necessary to provide the authorities with the identification that has been issued in the right manner. In case the people are not able to prove the identity, then such individuals are not permitted to return back to the country. The Bedoon man decides to marry women from Kuwait, and then the children would be considered to be from Bedoon descendants. This is not the case, when Kuwait man marries Bedoon women. In this case, the women and her children can easily acquire the citizenship. In the similar manner, the rules associated with the divorce are quite different from the rules that have been imposed for the people in the country. The Kuwaiti women cannot claim for the children but can claim for alimony. Such dif ferences in rules create serious variances, which would affect the liberty and freedom of men and women who choose to reside in Kuwait (Birt, 2009). The rules for racism have been reviewed to analyse the rights that have been provided to the people from the minority group. In this case, it is quite essential to adopt and implement an effective rule for implementing changes in the administrative and judicial measures. This would help in implementing the changes that would provide better living rights that is necessary for the people from the minority group. In order to improve the rights and provide privilege to the people, the federal authorities had introduced effective rules and regulations that would be useful in working against racism and racial discrimination. People are provided with the privileges that have been framed in accordance with the international laws. The laws and the rules that are drafted for the people residing in Kuwait is different from the ones that are followed for providing maximum benefits and rights to the people. Rules are introduced for the people of the country. In this case, the law for enforcement is introduced to provide equal rights for the people residing in the country. The laws are introduced by the authorities are meant to provide better facilities to the people, which also includes - Impose rules for reducing the violations against the human rights Implement better rules for fundamental freedom or rights that are required for securing the lives of the people (Cesari, 2006). Introduce rules that would help the people being victimised from the practices of racism and racial discrimination Dominant theory In this theory, the attitudes, values, beliefs, and morals are shared by the media authorities with the people of the society. It is considered to be one of the best mechanisms for imposing social control on various activities that impacts the lives of the people. Through this process, the thought flow of majority of the people and its impact on the society has been highlighted. In this case, the ideas are developed and it is implemented in the right manner. The dominant class is used for highlighting the revolutionary idea. The social control process is exercised with an intention of manipulation of various aspects that are related to the religion or political factors. It is quite important to implement social stability that would impact the rights of the people. Issues associated with discrimination quite often have increased the issues related to violations and other manifestations. These factors are serious and had to be handled in the prescribed manner. The role played by the political groups, along with the organizations plan to implement strategies to improve the security measures that is intended to be provided to the people. As per the rules framed by the United Nations, the rights that are associated with certain group of people have to be analysed. In this case, the below mentioned factors were analysed in the right manner Providing equal rights to the people Provide civil and political rights to the minority group of people Introduce plans that would help in the sustainable development of the people and the country (Crawford, 2007). Problem associated with Bedoon group The rights of the Bedoon group of people were highlighted for various reasons. In this case, the plans for relocating the people and the community group had to be drafted. There were many people who had to face legal actions that included deportation, for getting involved in any acts that were considered to be illegal or improper by the authorities. The improper rules and regulations had encouraged many people to issue legal notice or fight for the rights of the community. People from the Bedoon had also fought for the rights, and such a difference has to be handled or minimised in the right manner. Such steps had to be implemented after analysing the rules that were imposed by the international groups. In the past, it was noticed that the Kuwaiti the authorities, didnt take appropriate steps to reduce the inhuman behaviour or activities that were followed against the people of the country. The rights for the people has been mentioned below - To get equal rights to reside in the country Implement easy methods through which the citizenship could be achieved Get rights to earn better in the country (Chris, 2007). Restrict the authorities from imposing unacceptable rules that would restrict the freedom of the people. In the past, the Kuwaiti authorities didnt take the correct steps that would help in solving the issues associated with the racism. The problem was discussed by the members in the parliament; however, no effective steps were planned and implemented by the authorities. Racism was indeed a serious concern, but the steps that were planned to be implemented were not accurate. The problem associated with the human efforts and political factors that impacted the people were quite serious. Developmental program The need to develop and implement effective strategies for providing rights to the people of the country has been analysed. As per the rules drafted by the United Nations, an attempt has been made to evaluate, the critical issues that are associated with the racial discrimination and racism. The rules and the rights that have been granted to women have being analysed. This has been done to analyse the challenges that can affect the rights that have been proposed to be granted to the people. The obstacles and the challenges faced by the women groups have to be analysed. It is quite important to provide the women group with the rights and benefits that would help in improving the quality of living for the people. The political parties have been entrusted with the task related to improving the civil and economic factors that would help in providing better facilities to the people (Chris, 2010). The number of children or young people in Kuwait basically faces victimization issues, which impacts the lives of the people. Many programs has been introduced for analysing the steps that would have to be followed for implementing special measures that would help in the development of the people. Thus, the right steps have been taken for combating the issues associated with racism that restricts people from getting the benefits framed by the UN. In some cases the inequitable and political factors also impact the racism factors. The process to develop positive and feasible equality rights for every individual has to be done in the right manner, as this will help in upgrading the lives of the people. As per the UN rules, it is essential to follow fundamental rules that would help in eradicating the issues associated with racism. The factors that are associated with racism and employment have to be analysed. Rules state that the companies or organizations need to follow the right steps through which the members or the staffs could be provided with fair and equal rights to work at the organization. In Kuwait, many people from foreign countries have reported to be exploited from different types of racism and racial discrimination issues. The formation of the non-government organizations would prove to be quite helpful in handling the issues associated with such factors. The prime motive is to develop and implement the right steps through which the discrimination factors can be analysed. Also an attempt has been made to ensure that the workplace is free from any sort of discrimination that can affect the morality of the individual. The rules associated with civil rights enforcement and public education has to be analysed. This will help in developing and implementing the rules that would help the people in overp owering the issues that can affect the development of the community. In the similar manner, it is essential to establish and follow the right methods for communicating the challenges that can directly impact the morality of the individuals (ECLAC, 2012). The role played by the political groups also has to be considered in this process. The political groups in Kuwait have been striving towards solving the problem that has been associated with solving the issue related to racial discrimination. However, the rules have been discussed, and the effective solution is yet to be implemented by the authorities. The political groups have been working towards solving the issues and promoting equity basis that would encourage the members to do the right things for benefitting the organization. In order to curb the inequality amongst the employees or the expats the federal authorities promote the below mentioned factors Solidarity Equality Reducing of non-discrimination (Evelyn, 2007). The debate and the action plan that have been drafted by the authorities are analysed. This would help in overpowering the issues that are associated with unequal rights and racism. In this process, corrective measures are expected to take in terms of law amending, measuring the values, and analysing the policies that have been followed by the authorities. The steps have to be analysed as this will help in providing better facilities to the people. International rules against racism The international rules drafted and implemented for protecting the rights of the individuals or groups play a key role in amending the changes that would help in solving the issues related to racism. The international rules, the discrimination acts and the human rights have been implemented so as to find the best method through which the issues can be resolved. The treaties are formed, and it is necessary to implement the policies in the right manner. This would help in increasing the measures that would have to be followed for securing the rights of the individuals or the groups. The rule that has been drafted for eliminating the issue related to racial discrimination has to be discharged with an intention of providing better facilities to the people. Polices mentioned in the treaty have to be followed by the members in the accurate manner. The international community from different parts of the globe draft exclusively policies through which the changes related to racism can be impl emented. This has been done in collaboration with the United Educational System. The cultural values and other issues can impact the strategy set forth by the authorities have to be analysed. The quality of education, along with the rights to work has been included in the rules that have been drafted by the UN. International rules for human rights and protection have to be implemented in the right procedure. This would help the federal authorities in protecting the rights and dignity of the people and the groups. The rules are exclusively drafted for the members or the people (Ezzerhoini, 2010). As per the allegations that were levied by the authorities, it was noted that the authorities from the sports department were involved in issues that could cause racism and corrupting in different areas like sports and organizing events. There are different factors that have caused or increased the possibilities for racism. As per the authorities, such acts were related to the racists actions that were expected to be taken against the Middle East countries. Such incidences or occurrences have become quite common in Kuwait and other countries in Middle East. In the similar manner, the quality of education and the roles played by the teachers and other education experts have been questioned. This has been done to question the credibility of the rules that has been drafted for securing the education rights for the people. In the past, it is observed that many political and controversial factors or issues existed. This had impacted the quality of education that was intended to be introdu ced to help students in learning new lessons. Due to the factors associated with racism and other factors, the issues related to internal conflicts became quite serious. The atrocities imposed on people have to be worked out serious by the authorities. This has been done by implementing the rules that would help in solving the internal conflicts can be resolved. Such a factor was quite important as this would help on reducing the negative impact of racism. The problem that could affect the educational system and impact the people in getting the best education have to be analysed. This would help in solving the problem and adopting the best steps through which the essential steps could be taken to introduce the changes (Fekete, 2009). Issues associated with racism Kuwait and many of the countries in the Middle East have always been suffering from the issues related to the racism and social discrimination against the people and the community or the groups that exist in the country. The ratio of discrimination against the foreign citizens has been increasing. There have been various reasons that have been associated with the same; however none of them could be justified. Workers or expats from the Asian countries like Pakistan, India, Afghanistan, and others work in Arab countries and Kuwait. However the authorities fail to provide the members or the staffs with the rights that would secure their lives and work culture. The discrimination behaviour and laws or rules followed against such people or groups have been serious concerns. Many of the workers in this country are hired for foreign nations. The country has limited members or qualified staffs that could perform the challenging tasks at the workplace. Such factors contribute towards the eco nomic development of the country. However, the authorities and the management of certain companies fail to realise the importance of providing better work culture and security to the members (Gallup, 2013). Issues faced by the people moving from different places like Mecca and Jeddah are quite different. In this case, people belong to minor group, and have to face lots of challenges that are related to providing better rights to the people. The rights of the ethnic groups and culture had to be protected. Authorities of the country had failed to impose the precise rules that would secure the rights of the people. This was one of the reasons; many people or organizations imposed self-made rules. The rules were manipulated by the people with higher power. Thus the needs to impose accurate rules that would provide better rights to the people had to be imposed by the authorities (George, 2011). Religious belief and practices has been few of the reasons that have contributed towards the discrimination factors. In some cases, people are emotionally attracted with the religion and prohibit others from following the practices that has been followed in their country. The discrimination has been carried out in the form of sub-cast and other factors. This is one of the serious concerns and has to be handled in the right press. The people belonging to the Shia group were not permitted to work in military. In the similar manner, the stress and the rules that were drafted for the foreign members were quite strict and in some cases unacceptable. This has been one of the promote reasons; the authorities now are working towards drafting the best policies that would minimise the racism. Incidences related to racial discrimination Couples travelling from different countries have been detained for not possessing the marriage certificate copy. Such incidences are not logically accepted, in other developed and developing countries. The search is stricter for Asia expats, and this states about the incidences related to racism (Kuwait Times, 2015). VOIP applications have been used by many users, for various purposes. The usage cannot be questioned, nor can the details checked for no appropriate reasons. In the similar manner, the expats also face serious problem while applying or getting a drivers license in this country. In the worst scenario, the licenses of the applicants get cancelled for petty reasons. Rules drafted for the Asian expats in many cases are illogical and unaccepted. The report further states that the authorities conduct a thorough research on the views of the individual or groups of people to get them arrested. Such activities have been considered to be a criminal activity and cannot be accepted as per the rules that have been drafted by the United Nations. Law and order has to be uniform for every individual, regardless of the nationality. However, the rules have been used for seeing an individual or groups, so as to arrest for improper accurate reasons. Kuwait is a country that has been guided by the Islami c practices, and this is assumed by the people to be a peaceful country. However the fact is quite different from the stated reality. The laws formed and followed by the authorities of the country are not good enough to support the human rights that are required for the individual. The report also states that the Asian expats in Kuwait have the appropriate type of job, which contributes towards the economic development of the country. Nevertheless, the authorities fail to provide the members with the rights and benefits that are deserved by the expats (Aguna and Kovacevic, 2011). Employees are imported from many of the Asian countries, as there are many benefits that are associated with the issue. The authorities usually hire such employees at the lowest price and provide the people with less or no benefits at all. This is considered to be improper and contributes towards racism. Many workers are provided with illegal visas, which make the whole process illegal. Through such process, the management of the company attempts to increase the profits, and provide fewer benefits to the people. Rich and established people of the country, continue to earn lucrative profit every year, while poor fail to protect the rights that have to be provided to them. The issue related to racism has always been serious and thus the authorities have attempted to take the corrective steps that would control the consequences of the acts. In the past, the colonialism had caused racism, which included racial discrimination and implementation of intolerance rules on the people. The authorities in Kuwait had imposed strict rules on the Asian expats, which had made the event quite inhuman for the people. Impact of racism on the lives of the people from different descendants had to be analysed. Through this process, an effort for corrective actions and proper implementation of the steps for securing the lives of the people could be introduced for the people. Victims of the racism had to face lots of challenges in leading a normal live. Such rights were an integral part of the basic rights that were supposed to be provided to the people. The authorities had to take the correct steps through which the structure of the country for following the rights that has to be provided to the people has to be implemented (Alkire, Conconi, and Seth, 2014). Racism is a factor that impacts the economic performance of the country negatively. It also affects the cultural and social factors, which is considered to be essential for the development of the country. The factors that are associated with racism and racial discrimination have affected the performance of the country. In fact, it has caused underdevelopment of the nation, which is a serious concern for the people. Rights provided to men, children, and women has to be equal as this would help in analysing the challenges and implementing the right steps that would help in providing equal rights to the people residing in the country. Apart from providing equal rights, it is essential to develop and implement an effective rule that would provide equal and fair opportunities to the expats residing in the court. In other words, it is essential to introduce the right development steps that would provide an atmosphere to everyone (Amnesty International, 2012). The article highlights the relevance of the amendment rights that was introduced by the activist named Abdullah Fairouz. He was basically known for fighting for the rights of the people from Bedoon. The leader has being active in fighting for the cause of the stateless status that existed in Kuwait for almost four years. Support was provided through the Nebras group that was formed to provide support to the migrant workers. The leader had expressed his willingness to contest in election, with an intention of implementing constitutional changes. Such changes were meant to benefit the people and protect the rights of the individual. The leader has been voicing against the issues related to racism and anti-normalization rules or policies that existed in the country for more than 40 years. The prime objective of the leader has been to improve the condition of the people. Such factors reduce the incidences against racial discrimination. He also highlighted some of the practices that were not considered to be favourable for the women of the country. For instance, many men in the e country would marry women in the Urfi process. This was done to hide the new wife from the other wives. Such a practice was criticised as it featured the masculinity of the mentioned the rules that were exclusively drafted for them (Archer, 2003). The leader also stressed on different forms of racism factors that had impacted the people and the economic development of the country. Discrimination against the immigrants has been constantly increasing. This was done by the authorities by not providing enough benefits and rights that were quite necessary for sustaining on a foreign land. Through the stateless, an effort was made to marginalize the rights that were expected to be provided to the citizens. However, the task was not expected to introduce the rule was considered to be quite far from the reliability that was proposed by the leader. In this case, it was necessary to stay away from the issues related to the social hostility and state. As per the leader, the authorities followed their own rights to sue people and impose restrictions. There was differentiation in the rules that were followed for different class of people. This was done to discriminate people from the rest of the residents of the country. It was essential t o draft the best policy through which the discriminating acts could be reduced. At the time of filing legal suits against the people the authorities dont analyse the impact of the political factors and the judiciary system. In order to reduce the impact of the discriminating acts and practices, it was essential to impose the right rules. Such rules would help the authorities of the country to fight against the evil practices that impacted the people and the country. The election contestants have to voice for the rights of the people and do the things that would help in improving the living standards for the people (Al-Shaikh, and Anas, 2009). Conclusion Issues and challenges associated with racism are quite serious in nature and needs to be worked upon in a different manner. However, many countries have to yet yield the expected results. In this case, the challenges and other factors related to racial discrimination and racism have to be analysed. This would help in drafting the best policy through which the challenges can be analysed and worked upon in the right manner. There are many factors that cause racism and it needs to be worked upon on a timely manner. For this, the essential changes have to be implemented after analysing the problem that is related to analysing the factors that are associated with racism. The issue is quite serious in Kuwait, which is one of the important countries in the Middle East. Thus, corrective steps have to be taken to introduce the changes that would help in implementing the right measures through which the rights of the people and the groups can be protected. This is quite an important task and n eeds to be done in the right manner. The changes in terms of policies and other factors have to be planned and introduced by the authorities. This will help in proving better benefits to the people. References Ali W, and Clifton W, Duss M, Fang L, Keyes S, and Shakir F, 2011. 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Discussion Paper, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Geneva Office, Available at: https://library.fes. de/pdf-files/iez/global/50195.pdf Ritchie A, 2005. Law Enforcement Violence Against Women of Color in Color of Violence: The Incite! Anthology: Incite! Women of Color Against Violence (South End Press 2006); Amnesty International, Stonewalled: Police Abuse and Misconduct Against Lesbian, Gay. Bisexual and Transgender People in the U.S. 40 (2005), available at https://www.amnestyusa.org/outfront/stonewalled/report.pdf. Rubin M, 2002. "Iraq."The Continuum Political Encyclopedia of the Middle East. Ed.Avraham Sela. New York: Continuum. pp. 410-419. Nick A, 2009. Human Rights Organizations Welcome U.S. Bid for U.N. Council Seat, Deutsche Welle. Salomon J, Wang H, Freeman M, Vos T, Flaxman A, Lopez D, and Murray C, 2012. Healthy Life Expectancy for 187 Countries, 19902010: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden Disease Study 2010. Lancet 380(9859): 214462. Said E, 2001. Orientalism reconsidered, London: Race and Class, autumn, 27(2) pp l-l5. https://www.ata.boun.edu.tr/asistanlar/hist551/W9/said_orientalism%20reconsidered.pdf Samuels A, 2006. The fascination of fundamentalism, summary of a lecture https://www.andrewsamuels.com/index.php?view=articlecatid=3%3AArticles+And+Lect uresid=11%3AThe+Fascination+of+Fundamentalismoption=com_contentItemid=4 Shaik F, 2011. The New Folk Devils: Muslim boys and education in England, Stoke-on-Trent: Trentham Books. Shah A, 2010. Racism.Global Issues.. Web. https://www.globalissues.org/article/165/racism Shaik F, 2011. The New Folk Devils: Muslim boys and education in England, Stoke-on-Trent: Trentham Books. Sivanandan A, 2010. Fighting anti-Muslim racism: an interview with A. Sivanandan, London: Institute of Race Relations, https://www.irr.org.uk/2010/march/ha000031.html Steele J, 2006. "'We're staying and we will resist'".The Guardian(London). Retrieved2010-05-22. ToamehK, 2010. "Wheres the international outcry against Arab apartheid, Jerusalem Post. UN Secretary General, 2009. Joint statement by UN Secretary-General and government of Sri Lanka. Document SG/2151, Available at: https://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2009/sg2151.doc.htm United Nations, Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), World Health Organization (WHO). (The) Right to Water, Fact Sheet No. 35. 2010. https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/FactSheet35en.pdf Valenta M, 2011. The Future of Islamophobia: the liberal, the Jew, the animal, Open Democracy,13 May https://www.opendemocracy.net/markha-valenta/future-ofislamophobia-liberal-jewanimal?utm_source=feedblitzutm_medium=FeedBlitzEmailutm_content=201210utm _campaign=Nightly_%272011-05-14%2005%3a30%3a00%27 Wiener M, 2007. The Mandate of the Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief Institutional, Procedural and Substantive Legal Issues. In: Religion and Human Rights 2 (2007), pp. 317. NewsOk, 2014. Kuwait Shiek: Qatar allegation based on racism. Viewed on 13th February, 2015. Retrieved from https://newsok.com/kuwaiti-sheik-qatar-allegations-based-on-racism/article/feed/696080 Kuwait Times, 2015. Truth Hurts. Viewed on 13th February, 2015. Retrieved from https://news.kuwaittimes.net/truth-hurts/ World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance, 2001. Durban Declaration and Programme of Action, III(A)(1) 72, U.N. Doc A/CONF.189/12 (Sept. 2001), available at https://www. un.org/durbanreview2009/pdf/DDPA_full_text.pdf. Appendixes Newsletter published on Kuwait Times As per an article, published on Kuwait Times on 13th of February, 2015 the bitter truth about the racism was highlighted. The report stated that Kuwait has been termed to be one of the most racists countries in the world. This tag has in fact earned the title of being most hated countries in the world. People working as doctors, accountants, nurses, consultants, and others have to face issues related to racism on a regular basis. In some cases, the VOIP applications of the middle expats have been checked to find the details about the activities performed by the users. Second article on anti-racism in Kuwait As per the article that was published in the year 2013, the constitutional court of Kuwait had implemented rules for providing voting rights to the people. The law was amended to protect the rights and privileges of the minority groups that prevailed in the country. Discussions were made to analyse the practicality and validity of the rule related to one vote law. This was introduced in place of the older rule that had allowed the individual with four vote rights. Such practices had created unequal rights that were provided to limited individuals. In order to curb this practice, many elections were boycotted. This was also done to announce the candidacy that was considered to be essential for surviving the political turbulence (NewsOk, 2014). Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-59999048766905333722020-03-26T01:10:00.001-07:002020-03-26T01:10:03.291-07:00Market Value Concept from an Economic Perspective Basically, political economy and in particular Marxian economics, the concept of exchange value is traditionally employed to define one of the core aspects of a commodity. Some of the correlated concepts are price, use value and value. This shows that a product has; a value, an exchange value, use value and a price.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Market Value Concept from an Economic Perspective specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These attributes have an extensive history ranging from the era of Aristotle all the way to the period of David Ricardo. However, the entry of Marx concepts tilted the earlier concepts of exchange value. From an economic perspective value is presented as the worth of either goods or services as set or determined by the existing markets. However, this observation does not hold the real formulation of what is in essence defined as value. For years economists as well as other social scientis ts have attempted to link and estimate the significance of value in relation to individual. Similarly, this approach has over the years been extended to both goods and services being exchanged. Hence, such approach saw the development of such dynamic concepts as value in exchange as well as value in use. Thus, examining the argument presented by Kalman Applbaum in the article ââ¬Å"Pharmaceutical Marketingâ⬠the concept of value is correlated to marketing and branding. As the article asserts individuals are willing to pay higher prices for a brand than for a helpful product (Applbaum 0446). This concept is thus widely employed by pharmaceutical companies. The core objective of such approach is to create more earnings from a brand value than from the products. What this means is that brand value dictates what the greater society consumes. Equally, this same approach is well illustrated by the manner coca cola brand is marketed. Basically, the brand value seems to be more profou nd than the product itself. This indicates that value can be measured as the set price of the given products. However, in regard to the argument presented by neoclassical economists, the value of any product is correlated to its price in relation to the free and competitive market. And the value is thus determined by the demand of the product relative to the market supply. Examining the approach etched in the pharmaceutical industry it can be argued that the market demand surpass the supply and this has played a critical role in establishing what is in essence value. In relation to value in use as well as brand value, these firms have opted to embrace the concepts developed by neoclassical economists.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, the elements of value are not linked to improving the innate consumption of humans but rather to attain the greatest profitable margin. Th e principal features which drive such an approach can be explained by the fact that brand value has over the years been used as the vehicle by corporations tied their hope (Applbaum 0447). Hence, this has resulted in a situation whereby brand value supersede the need for satisfying the innate needs of humans through provision of what anthropologists defines as human value. The scope of brand value is thus echoed by Robert J Foster in his article ââ¬Å"The WORK OF THE NEW ECONOMY: Consumers, Brand, and Value Creation. The author observes that consumers tend to go for popular brands while the product manufacturers through elaborate marketing strategies exploit this window presented by brand value (Foster 708). Equally, this results in value creation which rests on brand value rather than on the product itself. Though, Foster seems to suggest that the creation of new values begins with innovation; it is evident that the natural flow of market demands creates values. Thus, in an econom ic perspective the intensity of value is compactly determined by price as well as the price attached to products whether goods or services. Another notable aspect examined by Foster revolves within the context of satisfying what is defined as surplus value. This concept is defined by Marxian theorists as a notion that attempts to define and explain market instability in regard to capitalism. Thus, this posits that human labor forms the foundation of economic value. Thus, exploring the argument presented in the article we find that the concept of surplus value is definitely less examined. This can be linked to the fact that modern corporations are more concerned in making profits rather than satisfying the market values. Hence, the creation of brand values which are becoming more potent than value in use. Comparing the explanations brought forward by both Foster and Applbaum it is evident that the concept of use value is less considered in the current society. This is elaborated in t he manner diverse organization are anchoring on massive marketing without examining the aspects of use-value which is in essence the qualitative characteristic of value, that is, the solid manner in which a product satisfy human needs.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Market Value Concept from an Economic Perspective specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Perhaps that is why Graeber argues that when we are talking of use value we tend to think that we are dealing with definite attributes such as tons of, dozens of or meters of (442). Basically, he notes that use-value correlated to commodities becomes real when the given commodity or product is used or consumed. According to Graeber the concept of value is predominantly defined differently economists (443). To his observations the concept of value have been restricted to market theories which are designed to produce mathematical satisfaction in relation to allocating l imit resources while pursuing profits. In essence, the core argument in his article suggests that the concept of value is based on market convenience rather than on satisfying the human needs. Hence he attempts to draw a parallel between what the anthropologists think of values and what economists take as value. From such an observation we are brought to the same sentiments voiced by Foster and Applbaum, exchange value seems to be the determinant factor in regard to what is assumed to be all inclusive. Thus, the scope of neoclassical economy is brought as being the modern measure of value, this approach assumes that human approaches calls for allocation of available resources in pursuit of limited resources. Yet exploring the dynamics of use value, brand value as well as surplus value, this concept fails to satisfy the innate needs of man. What this demonstrates is that the diverse economic projections witnessed have evolved to be restricted to the available resources or markets wit hout exploring other regions of improving on value. As noted in the article ââ¬Å"The Work of the New Economyâ⬠the diverse attributes of what is defined as value can be said to be tied to profits This is also established by the massive marketing investments which have overtaken the noble cause of production. It ought to be noted that marketing is essential in building brand value and this has gone to the limit of misleading the consumers who rarely identifies the use value of the given product or services.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Graeber, ââ¬Å"Valueâ⬠Foster, ââ¬Å"The Work of the New Economyâ⬠Applbaum, ââ¬Å"Pharmaceutical Marketingâ⬠have all accepted that the scope of value is money-priced. This seems to be due to the emerging market demands which are not fully satisfied. Hence, the dynamics of value are not treated as processes of enhancing social well being rather the concepts of value are left to the domain of traditional social scientists. Thus, it becomes difficult to establish in essence what the core purpose of value is in the growing neoclassical economy. In conclusion, it is evident that the scope of value is the most disputed feature in regard to political economics. This can be allied to the fact that the hypothesis of exchange which rests on the porch of science happens to be the bridge linking problems allied to economics to problems social in nature. And this happens to be the pointer of exiting from the theoretical manipulation affecting the whole sphere of human economy . More so, its conceptual nature makes an objective approach quite complex for all those who have ventured into exploring the aspects of value in regard to human economy. Thus, the concept of market values in regard to exchange values though essential presents a mountain of queries than answers. As established by Graeber the concept of value compactly left behind as the political economists are more concerned with developing attributes that are profit oriented in regard to labor, pricing and distribution. And this seems to be the foundation laid by those advocating for neoclassical economy, that is, capitalist markets. Works Cited Applbaum, Kalman.Pharmaceutical Marketing.Pls Medicine 3.4. (2006):0445-0447. Foster, J Robert. The work of new economy. Cultural Anthropology 22.4 (2007):709- 729. Graeber, David. Value: anthropological theories of value. A handbook of economicà Anthropology. Oxford: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2005. This essay on Market Value Concept from an Economic Perspective was written and submitted by user Annabella K. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-74405771301278001742020-03-06T15:41:00.001-08:002020-03-06T15:41:03.858-08:00The Royal Proclamation Act of 1763 Essay ExampleThe Royal Proclamation Act of 1763 Essay Example The Royal Proclamation Act of 1763 Paper The Royal Proclamation Act of 1763 Paper In the aftermath of the French and Indian War, Britain needed a new imperial design, but the situation in America was anything but favorable to change. Long accustomed to a large measure of independence, the colonies were demanding more, not less, freedom, particularly now that the French menace had been eliminated. To put a new system into effect, and to tighten control, Parliament had to contend with colonists trained in self-government and impatient with interference. One of the thefirst things that British attempted was the organization of the interior. The conquest of Canada and of the Ohio Valley necessitated policies that would not alienate the French and Indian inhabitants. But here the Crown came into conflict with the interests of the colonies. Fast increasing in population, and needing more land for settlement, various colonies claimed the right to extend their boundaries as far west as the Mississippi River. The British government, fearing that settlers migrating into the new lands would provoke a series of Indian wars, believed that the lands should be opened to colonists on a more gradual basis. Restricting movement was also a way of ensuring royal control over existing settlements before allowing the formation of new ones. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 reserved all the western territory between the Alleghenies, Florida, the Mississippi River and Quebec for use by Native Americans. Thus the Crown attempted to sweep away every western land claim of the 13 colonies and to stop westward expansion. Though never effectively enforced, this measure, in the eyes of the colonists, constituted a high-handed disregard of their most elementary right to occupy and settle western lands. More serious in its repercussions was the new financial policy of the British government, which needed more money to support its growing empire. Unless the taxpayer in England was to supply all money for the coloniesââ¬â¢ defense, revenues would have to be. Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-31967084257579598002020-02-19T07:08:00.001-08:002020-02-19T07:08:02.586-08:00Children today waste too much time playing video games EssayChildren today waste too much time playing video games - Essay Example Children virtually spend their summer vacations playing these games. About half of all children have a video game player or a computer on which to play the video game and parents do not restrict the types of game the children play. AskDr.Sears.com reports eighty percent of most popular video games feature violence and aggressiveness. Surveys also suggest, by the time a typical American child reaches the age of eighteen, he has seen 200,000 acts of violence and 40,000 murders on screen. According to Maney (2005) video games might be the best things that children can do to ensure their future success. Maney quotes Steve Johnson, who says that at every point while playing the video games one has to make decisions. One has to think about patterns, long-term goals, and resources. These help to take a decision and depending upon the feedback from the game one again has to adjust the decision. Maney confirms that games like Halo 2, EverQuest or the lurid Grand Theft Auto hone the kind of decision-making abilities that define a successful person. Parents often insist that children should spend time reading books rather than playing video games. Johnson disagrees saying whatever the benefits of reading, you are following someone elseââ¬â¢s decision. Video games have been linked to violence and aggressive behavior. Others believe that video games provide an outlet for aggression and frustration. According to the journal American Family Physician, studies have not been able to show concrete evidence of behaviour being affected due to violent video games. This argument can be countered by the violence and blood bath that children are exposed to, in books like King Lear and Lord of the Flies. They challenge the belief that books are automatically better than video games. Dr. John C Beck, author of Got Games, believes video games foster team skills (cited by Powell S, 2005). He refutes the view that it Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-44878284443552818312020-02-04T05:54:00.001-08:002020-02-04T05:54:03.435-08:00Obama SCOTUS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsObama SCOTUS - Essay Example onsideration that such a position should be held by an absolute impartial individual; rather, an individual who would never have been drawn into political variations like ââ¬ËThe Democraticââ¬â¢ or ââ¬ËThe Republicanââ¬â¢. The surprise choice of a non-political and inexperienced hand for the post has attracted the attention of debates and arguments among the people of America largely. By the selection of Ms.Elena, president Obama marks sport of challenging conservatism. This must have been an example set by him to provide new thoughts from a lady commander for ensuring accurate justice to one and all. Born on April 28, 1960, Ms. Kagan hails from New York City. She has served Harvard Law School as its dean after a pursuit of a creditable career as a professor in law at University of Chicago Law School. Ms. Kagan has had her political experience by serving President Bill Clinton as his policy adviser. Ms. Elena Kagan is expected to deliver her best as the head of the Supreme Bench of American judiciary with her limited experience in the field. But the installation of such a new brain must have focused much on the dispassionate outcome of judicial examination of any issue that could stand on the progress of the political process in America. Ms. Kaganââ¬â¢s approach towards the political system molded her finally to think that result oriented arguments that ignore the plain meaning of the law are the essence of judicial activism. However, the steering of judiciary of America is not going to be a cake walk for Ms. Kagan as she is answerable for the lots of questions asked by the Senate Judiciary Committee. There has been wider speculation that Ms. Kagan can run through easily as she is willfully supported by Patrick Leahy, SJC Chairman and Democratic Senator from Vermont. The spectators are gifted with a high intensity war of ideologies of Jeff Sessions, the Ranking Member of the SJC and a strong Republican who cast doubts on Ms.Keganââ¬â¢s qualifications. As far as her Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-26598892046526240812020-01-27T02:17:00.001-08:002020-01-27T02:17:06.832-08:00Research PaperSancho PanzaResearch PaperSancho Panza Research PaperSancho Panza: Sidekick and Skeptic The character Sancho Panza in Miguel de Cervantes Don Quixote de La Mancha is both a sidekick and a skeptic. Don Quixote de La Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra is acclaimed as one of the best novels ever written. Miguel de Unamuno once wrote there scarcely exists a person of even average education who does not have some idea of Don Quixote and Sancho. Contrary to what one might think, there is a character who is just as important to the success of this novel as is Don Quixote himself: Sancho Panza. Without him, Don Quixote would be a two-dimensional character with hardly any appeal. But with the aid of Sanchos interactions, Quixote takes depth and form as a character. The reader is able to judge Quixote through the thoughts and actions of his companion because Sancho is both a supportive sidekick and a nagging skeptic. Sancho Panzas duality shows both the good and bad in Don Quixote, which reveals many sides to Quixote that would not have been shown otherwise. Despite being physically hurt on multiple occasions and faced with perpetual humiliation, Sancho Panza continues to follow Don Quixote on his insane adventures. Sancho does not share his masters extreme belief in chivalrous virtues, however he often lives in and adores [Quixotes madness], sometimes getting caught up in [it] entirely(Sparknotes). Sanchos support of Don Quixote shows that Quixote is prominently good and lets the reader know that he is an admirable person with at least enough sanity to maintain a good friendship. Sancho Panza fulfills the role of a sidekick by being absolutely faithful (Dramatica) and having an unswerving belief and support of the Protagonist (Phillips). Sancho demonstrates his loyalty even on his first day as aAs Don Quixotes squire, Sancho follows his master into countless situations where the outcomes are unfavorable to say the least. On his first day as a squire, Sancho accompanies Quixote as hewhen he accompanies Quixote as they approaches a coach that the knight errant believes to contain an imprisoned princess. Don Quixote attacks one of the monks in front of the coach and knocks him off of his horse. Sancho scrambles to collect the monks garb as a battle spoil for his master, but the servants that are standing by see him and they attacked Sancho and knocked him downleaving no hair in his beard unscathed, they kicked him breathless and senseless and left him lying on the ground (Cervantes 62, 63). Even after a brutal beating to start off his career, Sancho rides off with Quixote after the battle and is more worried about his masters wounds than his own. The squire maintains his loyalty like a true sidekick, but more importantl y, he allows the reader to feel pity for Quixote through his own concern for the mans wellbeing. Later on in the book, Sancho and Quixote stay at an inn to heal their wounds from a previous beating. The innkeeper expects to receive payment when the two try to leave, but Don Quixote refuses to pay him anything. Quixote then rides off a fair distance from the inn, not realizing that he has left his squire behind. The innkeeper turns to Sancho and demands payment. When Sancho does not pay, a few men throw him into a blanket and [begin] to toss him and make merry with him as if he were a dog at a Carnival (Cervantes 122). Not only does this good squire show loyalty, but also support and belief in Don Quixote. Sancho is hesitant at first when Quixote wants to rescue his horse Rocinante from a group of angry Yanguesans. He exclaims, What the devil kind of revenge are we supposed to take when there are more than twenty of them and only two of us, or maybe only one and a half? Quixote replies that he himself is worth a hundred and charges the crowd of men. Sancho then becomes incited and moved by his masters example, [and so] he [does] the same (Cervantes 103). Sanchos faith in his master during times of imminent disaster shows that Don Quixote must have good leadership qualities as well as the ability to inspire and motivate through sheer confidence. Despite being physically hurt on multiple occasions and faced with perpetual humiliation, Sancho Panza continues to follow Don Quixote on his insane adventures. Sancho does not share his masters extreme belief in chivalrous virtues, however he often lives in and adores [Quixotes madness], sometimes getting caught up in [it] entirely(Sparknotes). Sancho Panza therefore fulfills the requirements for being a sidekick by being absolutely faithful (Dramatica) and having an unswerving belief and support of the Protagonist (Phillips). Sancho Panza also demonstrates the attributes of a skeptic and allows Quixote to be criticized as well as praised. A skeptic doubts everything, thinks every plan is unworkable, and that success is unlikely (Phillips). Sancho does not always agree with his master and often times Quixotes heightened, insane conception of the world is brought crashing to earth by Sanchos sly pragmatism (Thornton) and. hHe frequently berates Don Quixote for his reliance on fantasy (Sparknotes). One such example of Sanchos skepticism and probably one of the most famous events in the novel is when the two encounter a field of windmills. To Don Quixote, the windmills are giants that against which he must wage battle against. Sancho is skeptical of this notion, does not agree. He warned [Quixote] that, beyond any doubt, those things he was about to attack were windmills and not giants. But Quixote does not heed Sanchos pleas and ends up being tossed off Rocinante when his lance gets stuck in one of the vanes. Sancho rushes to his masters aid and says, Didnt I tell your grace to watch what you were doing, that these were nothing but windmills, and only somebody whose head was full of them wouldnt know that? (Cervantes 58-59). In instances such as these, Sancho shows that Quixote does not have the best judgement and is certainly not of sound mind. Sancho Panza is a complex character that demonstrates the qualities of both a sidekick and a skeptic. These two opposite archetypes fused within one person allows for a perception of Don Quixote that gives him life. If Sancho was not present in the novel, the readers would not get as much enjoyment out of the book and Don Quixote would not be as popular as it has been for the past centuries. Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-88524249985435541632020-01-18T22:39:00.001-08:002020-01-18T22:39:06.434-08:00Providence, Self-Improvement, and Divine Mission: The Qualities of Colonial Literature EssayColonial literature from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries has made a large impact on society today. Literature from both the Puritan era and the Age of Reason contribute to this impact. Puritans were religious separatists who wished to ââ¬Ëpurifyââ¬â¢ the Church of England of its catholic heritage. They believed in predestination; the idea that some people were saved and others were damned. The Puritans would scrutinize themselves for signs of grace from God. Following the Puritan era was the Age of Reason. This was a period of scientific and political enlightenment. It stressed the idea that basic truths can be arrived at through reason, not faith. People began to improve their present, worldly life rather than preparing themselves for an afterlife in Heaven. Three qualities of American writing from the Colonial period are the beliefs of providence, self improvement, and divine mission. The belief in Godââ¬â¢s providence is a major feature found throughout Colonial literature. Godââ¬â¢s providence was the idea that it was in Godââ¬â¢s power to control the salvation and damnation of humans. Their destinies were predetermined and they would live their lives looking for signs of grace. Every outcome of an action was considered a sign as Godââ¬â¢s providence. They believed Godââ¬â¢s intervention in their everyday lives revealed their fate. The belief in providence is predominately seen throughout Puritan writing, one of which being William Bradfordââ¬â¢s Of Plymouth Plantation. William Bradford was a Puritan leader who later became the governor of Plymouth Colony. His narrative described the Puritansââ¬â¢ arrival to the New World. He focused on the relationship the Puritans had with God. He mentioned many signs of Godââ¬â¢s providence. The first act of providence was on the seaman. There was a strong, able body seaman who always cursed and condemned the poor sick people on the ship, wishing them to be cast overboard. God then intervened and revealed the seamanââ¬â¢s fate. Bradford wrote, â⬠But it pleased God before they came half seas over, to smite this young man with a grievous disease, in which he died in a desperate manner, and so was himself the first that was thrown overboardâ⬠(24). Godââ¬â¢s providence exposed the seamanââ¬â¢s damnation. His death was a sign that he was not one of The Elect and did not possess the quality of grace. William Bradfordââ¬â¢s Of Plymouth Plantation embodies the belief of providence, a characteristic of Colonial literature. Another characteristic of Colonial literature is the idea of self-improvement. This idea is represented in both Puritan and the Age of Reason literature. It is the idea that people need to attain moral perfection. Benjamin Franklin, an autodidact of the Age of Reason, experimented with the idea of self-improvement. He found self-improvement to be a logical idea that every person should experience because it would better themselves and society. In his autobiography, Franklin wrote, ââ¬Å"I concluded, at length, that the mere speculative conviction that it was our interest to be completely virtuous was not sufficient to prevent our slipping, and that the contrary habits must be broken, and good ones acquired and established, before we can have any dependence on a steady, uniform rectitude of conductâ⬠(80). Franklin devised a method to help him become virtuous. He created a list of thirteen virtues and a plan to attain each one. He believed self-improvement was a realistic approach to achieve moral perfection which would develop a better society. The belief in self-improvement is permeated throughout Colonial literature because it was useful to many people. In the Puritan era, moral perfection was essential to get into Heaven and to avoid Hell. In the Age of Reason reaching moral perfection was a reasonable idea that would better society. It secularized the Puritan values making moral perfection a more rational idea rather than religious. The belief in divine mission is also a characteristic of Colonial literature. Divine mission is the idea that America is a divinely guided nation. Americans believe that God is on their side. This idea is common throughout American writing from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The Puritans believed in divine mission and built a pious nation under God. They believed they were ââ¬Å"The Chosenâ⬠people of God. In the Age of Reason, this concept continued. Thomas Paine, a radical, revolutionary, pamphleteer expressed the idea of divine mission in his papers, The Crisis. Paine wrote The Crisis papers to boost the morale among the common men and soldiers during the time of the Revolutionary War. He assured a victory against Britain because America was a divinely guided nation. He wrote, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦that God Almighty will not give up a people to military destruction, or leave them unsupportedly to perish, who have so earnestly and so repeatedly sought to avoid the calamities of war, by every decent method which wisdom could interveneâ⬠(95). Paine argued that God would help them and not leave them in their time of need. He believed that the idea of divine mission would contribute to a victory over England. Because of Godââ¬â¢s celestial powers, the belief in divine mission was widely used throughout Colonial literature. Colonial literature has influenced American history and society. The qualities of writing from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries have contributed to this impact. The concept of divine mission is exemplified daily in classrooms across America when children stand and recite the Pledge of Allegiance every morning. They all say, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦one nation under Godâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ Also, the phrase ââ¬Å"In God We Trustâ⬠is embossed on American currency and was adopted as our nationââ¬â¢s motto. Even now America is viewed as a divinely guided nation. In addition, self-improvement is exercised in the education system. People try to fulfill their greatest potential by improving their knowledge. The public school system enables all individuals the right to an education that will precipitate to a more successful life. In higher education, scholarships are available to those who excel academically but cannot handle the financial obligation. It is clear that qualities of literature from the Puritan era and the Age of Reason are still relevant in todayââ¬â¢s American society. Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-33169373258416281802020-01-10T19:03:00.001-08:002020-01-10T19:03:03.306-08:00New TechnologyNew technologies that are being developed by the minute provide great convenience to todayââ¬â¢s people. Indeed, it is difficult to imagine going about oneââ¬â¢s daily tasks without the help of new technologies. Thus, every aspect of modern living, such as transportation, education, banking, manufacturing, and communication depend on modern technologies. Aside from the conveniences brought about by newly developed technologies, there is a host of opportunities that come along with these technologies.However, alongside the various technologies that make modern living easier, serious dangers and threats are also being developed, either consciously or otherwise. These threats are often posed against the security of information, and commonly consist of viruses and worms. Certain criminal and immoral acts that have been committed as a response to new technologies, such as information theft, also pose a threat to the safety of data.These threats come in various forms, and can range f rom simple delays and additional cost to graver consequences such as theft of money and other property. Worse, the dangers brought about by new technology could lead to blackmail and revelation of trade secrets. These dangers pose serious threat, not only to individuals, but more importantly, to institutions, businesses, and the government. Confidential information that is obtained without authority from government sites could produce dire consequences.The government, because of its role in society, necessarily keeps loads of information about its citizens, its agencies, and its national security. These data are kept by the government to serve its various roles as protector of society and provider of basic needs and services. These data are also made available to the government because of its unique position, and are not meant to be made available to everyone. If vital information is leaked or brought into the hands of the wrong people, there is no limit to the kind of damage that c an arise.Those individuals and organizations that are concerned with keeping their files private should take steps to protect their computer systems. Thus, there should be systems or individuals whose task it would be to protect computer systems and files from unauthorized access or from viruses.These reasons are the primary reasons why new courses are being offered in colleges and universities nowadays, which courses aim to train people on the business of ensuring the safety of computer information. One such field of specialization is called information assurance.The recent developments in information and computer technology and the resulting negative effects in the safety of businesses, institutions, and governments give rise to various opportunities to information assurance professionals. The field of information assurance involves people, policies, procedures, and computer equipment and programs that aim to protect information and computer systems.The development and proliferati on of new viruses and worms and the discovery of new techniques of obtaining information without authority challenge information assurance professionals to similarly develop new ways of dealing with the risks and threats. Moreover, there is a continuing challenge to professionals in this field to evolve as fast as the other side is evolving. Information assurance professionals must always be prepared to counteract whichever step is taken by people who want to destroy existing computer infrastructure.Thus, there is always a challenge to information assurance professionals to be able to provide information as they are needed by the end users, maintain the integrity of the information, ensure the authenticity of information through verification methods, maintain the confidentiality of information, and provide proof of the integrity and origin of data.The growing complexity of computer infrastructure and the increased use and dependence on computer systems all over the world made inform ation assurance a necessity.à The duties of an information assurance, consisting mainly of closing loopholes that may be used by unscrupulous hackers, are exciting and interesting.Thus, it has become my heartââ¬â¢s desire to study information assurance so that I may learn the fundamentals of computer infrastructure. I want to learn how to create, develop, and maintain a system of checks and quality controls that could help organizations protect their valuable and confidential data. I want to be at the forefront of the fight against dishonorable abuses of the computing technology. I want to be an expert in detecting and controlling any unauthorized intrusion to an organizationââ¬â¢s computer infrastructure. This way, I am able to serve a vital role in society, that of protecting privacy and integrity of valuable information. New technology New technologies that are being developed by the minute provide great convenience to todayââ¬â¢s people. Indeed, it is difficult to imagine going about oneââ¬â¢s daily tasks without the help of new technologies. Thus, every aspect of modern living, such as transportation, education, banking, manufacturing, and communication depend on modern technologies. Aside from the conveniences brought about by newly developed technologies, there is a host of opportunities that come along with these technologies.However, alongside the various technologies that make modern living easier, serious dangers and threats are also being developed, either consciously or otherwise. These threats are often posed against the security of information, and commonly consist of viruses and worms. Certain criminal and immoral acts that have been committed as a response to new technologies, such as information theft, also pose a threat to the safety of data.These threats come in various forms, and can range f rom simple delays and additional cost to graver consequences such as theft of money and other property. Worse, the dangers brought about by new technology could lead to blackmail and revelation of trade secrets. These dangers pose serious threat, not only to individuals, but more importantly, to institutions, businesses, and the government. Confidential information that is obtained without authority from government sites could produce dire consequences.The government, because of its role in society, necessarily keeps loads of information about its citizens, its agencies, and its national security. These data are kept by the government to serve its various roles as protector of society and provider of basic needs and services. These data are also made available to the government because of its unique position, and are not meant to be made available to everyone. If vital information is leaked or brought into the hands of the wrong people, there is no limit to the kind of damage that c an arise.Those individuals and organizations that are concerned with keeping their files private should take steps to protect their computer systems. Thus, there should be systems or individuals whose task it would be to protect computer systems and files from unauthorized access or from viruses.These reasons are the primary reasons why new courses are being offered in colleges and universities nowadays, which courses aim to train people on the business of ensuring the safety of computer information. One such field of specialization is called information assurance.The recent developments in information and computer technology and the resulting negative effects in the safety of businesses, institutions, and governments give rise to various opportunities to information assurance professionals. The field of information assurance involves people, policies, procedures, and computer equipment and programs that aim to protect information and computer systems.The development and proliferati on of new viruses and worms and the discovery of new techniques of obtaining information without authority challenge information assurance professionals to similarly develop new ways of dealing with the risks and threats. Moreover, there is a continuing challenge to professionals in this field to evolve as fast as the other side is evolving. Information assurance professionals must always be prepared to counteract whichever step is taken by people who want to destroy existing computer infrastructure.Thus, there is always a challenge to information assurance professionals to be able to provide information as they are needed by the end users, maintain the integrity of the information, ensure the authenticity of information through verification methods, maintain the confidentiality of information, and provide proof of the integrity and origin of data.The growing complexity of computer infrastructure and the increased use and dependence on computer systems all over the world made inform ation assurance a necessity.à The duties of an information assurance, consisting mainly of closing loopholes that may be used by unscrupulous hackers, are exciting and interesting.Thus, it has become my heartââ¬â¢s desire to study information assurance so that I may learn the fundamentals of computer infrastructure. I want to learn how to create, develop, and maintain a system of checks and quality controls that could help organizations protect their valuable and confidential data. I want to be at the forefront of the fight against dishonorable abuses of the computing technology. I want to be an expert in detecting and controlling any unauthorized intrusion to an organizationââ¬â¢s computer infrastructure. This way, I am able to serve a vital role in society, that of protecting privacy and integrity of valuable information. Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-15854803923859071542020-01-02T15:27:00.001-08:002020-01-02T15:27:03.607-08:00The Emergence Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus - 1971 Words INTRODUCTION The emergence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in the past three decades has presented the most severe challenge to governments, the health workforce and society at large. According to Park (2007), HIV/AIDS is regarded as the major health crisis of the twenty first century and one of the most dreadful epidemics in human history. The severity of the epidemic has led to implementation of various interventions in different parts of the world especially in the most affected regions, all aiming to reduce its spread and save the lives of already infected people. In light of this, PEPFAR has been actively engaged in the fight against HIV/AIDS through provision of free antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) who need this. In order to understand the impact of the PEPFAR HIV program on the Nigerian health system, this essay utilizes the WHO health system framework (2007) WHO HEALTH SYSTEM FRAMEWORK OVERVIEWS WHO (2000,p.xi) states that ââ¬Å"a health system comprises all the organizations, institutions and resources that are devoted to producing health actions.â⬠The WHO Health system framework is a single framework with six building blocks. The main aim of this framework is to give a clear understanding of what a health system is and what constitutes health systems strengthening. It defines a distinct number of ââ¬Ëbuilding blocksââ¬â¢ these include service delivery, health workforce, Information, medical products, vaccines andShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding The Evolution, Life History, And Aids, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome868 Words à |à 4 PagesEbola and HIV Ebola, and AIDS, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, are both dangerous zoonotic diseases that originated in Sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS, the result of HIV, human immunodeficiency virus, has been an ongoing pandemic for decades. Meanwhile, the first Ebola case was recognized in the 1976 and has incurred severe sporadic outbreaks but has been controlled (Rajak, 2015). While both rapidly mutating RNA viruses, several key factors have allowed AIDS, to become a worldwide pandemic while EbolaRead MoreThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Aids )1765 Words à |à 8 PagesThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus Degie Gelaw American Sentinel University The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases are public health threats that require comprehensive, organized, and evidence-based control and prevention programs. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine formerly known as the Institute of Medicine (IOM) appointed a 19-member multidisciplinary expert council to study the emergence of microbial threats to health and publishedRead MoreHuman Immunodeficiency Virus Infection And Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( Hiv / Aids )898 Words à |à 4 Pages Pathogenic Agent Identified Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) Virus after the infection of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the immune system is damaged so the body become targets of many opportunistic diseases, which called syndrome, rather than just a type of disease. [1] History of Pathogenic Agent The clinical of AIDS was first observed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 1981. [2] The region most recent outbreakRead MoreThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Essay1065 Words à |à 5 Pages1.1 The human immunodeficiency virus The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) is the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIDS is characterized by a severely compromised immune system and the occurrence of life-threatening opportunistic infections. The first cases of AIDS were documented in 1981 and the isolation of HIV from a patient was described two years later.1,2 Since then, HIV/AIDS has evolved into a global pandemic. According to a report from the Joint UnitedRead MoreBiological Compounds Of Marine Organisms Essay1364 Words à |à 6 PagesBiologically active compounds found in marine organisms have been extremely useful when combating again human immunodeficiency virus. One compound in particular which is found in sponges, Papuamide A, has been reported to have cytoprotective activity against HIV-1 in-vitro. There are many other representatives that can be found in the same class as Papuamide A; however, due to the slight change in their structure, the way they effect HIV is dif ferent. Papuamide A exhibits a potent inhibitory effectRead MoreHiv, The Human Immunodeficiency Virus1108 Words à |à 5 Pages HIV, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, was first discovered by CDC in 1981 [3], then described as HTLV-III in 1983 and was later changed into its current name. Ever since its emergence, this virus has caused millions of infections throughout the world, with most of the cases originating in the African region [1]. This retrovirus has made it difficult in the past for scientists to treat it since it changes its RNA once inside the cell to DNA, through the enzyme reverse transcriptase, and keeps changingRead MoreAids : A Relatively New Disease1743 Words à |à 7 PagesAfrica. The virus has no regards of social status or race. Usually the ones who suffer the most are the poor and the minorities. The poor living conditions, lack of sanitation , sexual habits of the population and the ineffective government efforts up to 1994 exacerbated the problem. Curbing the spread of HIV has been a major goal since its emergence of the disease in 1981 in the sub Saharan Africa (http://www.unaids.org) . There are two viral strains that cause Acquired immunodeficiency syndromeRead MoreInfluenza Critical Analysis740 Words à |à 3 PagesCritical Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Emergency Planning for an Influenza Outbreak in the UK 1. Introduction Notable for being the cause of some of historyââ¬â¢s most infamous pandemics, the influenza virus was, until the emergence of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) several decades ago, the virus that was the most studied of all viruses (Potter, 2001). Furthermore, in 2015 the National Risk Register classified an influenza pandemic as the greatest risk to the security of the United Kingdom (UK)Read MoreAntimicrobial Resistance, Resistant Nosocomial Pathogens and Molecular Diagnosis of Emerging Infectious Diseases1624 Words à |à 7 Pagesthis was first realised when Louis Pasteur discovered microbes contaminated wine, causing it to go sour. He wondered how microbes affected humans; however it was Robert Koch that linked the contamination of microbes to the cause of infectious diseases. Between them they discovered and identified many of the microbes that caused diseases. Bacteria, Fungi, Virus and protozoan are all agents that cause infectious diseases. Infectious diseases can be asymptomatic for a long period of time before symptomsRead MoreHiv : A Modern Atlantian Epidemic1600 Words à |à 7 PagesHIV: A Modern Atlantian Epidemic HIV, or human immunodeficiency virus, is a global issue that is classified as a pandemic by the CDC and WHO, however an epidemic is on the rise at an alarming rate in Atlanta, Georgia. This cluster in downtown Atlanta is being contributed to several factors, including poverty, a greater percentage of African-American residents and behaviors that increase the risk of HIV, including unsafe gay sex and injection drug use. Approximately half of newly diagnosed HIV patients Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-68012574182794274042019-12-25T11:54:00.001-08:002019-12-25T11:54:03.251-08:00The Big Five Dimensions Of Personality - 1035 Words The Big Five Dimensions of Personality 11695795 Oklahoma State University The Big Five Dimensions of Personality The Big Five Dimensions of Personality are five dimensions of personality that depict personality traits in humans. The dimensions are openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. The Big Five Dimensions of Personality are used in favor of other models because of the eradication of overlapping traits. This particular model shows regularity in experiments, surveys, and interviews. Studies have proven that it is effective with all ages and past histories of people. Openness is the first of the traits of the Big Five model. Openness is the capability to allow different and new things into oneââ¬â¢s life. Extraordinary ideas, creativeness, curiosity, and exploration are things that can be associated with openness. Openness plays a very crucial role in the Big Five model because it helps individuals have a clearer look at what is going on inside their mind and their feelings about things. There have been people who ha ve had controversy about openness as a personality trait. It can be mistaken with intellect and some may interchange the two or consider them as one trait, at times. The next of the five traits of the Big Five is conscientiousness. Conscientiousness is the ability to show self-control, behave in a optimistic manner, achieve oneââ¬â¢s goals and dreams, and be structured. This is the trait that has a lot to do withShow MoreRelatedThe Big Five Personality Dimensions Essay995 Words à |à 4 PagesThe big five is continually being adapted has been modified to provide a better framework (DeYoung, 2015). A modern adaption to the big five personality dimensions provides ââ¬Å"mechanisticâ⬠techniques providing more ââ¬Å"precise definitionsâ⬠of terms associated with personality and related factors (DeYoung, 2015, 54). With adaptions comes a new name, Cybernetics is the ââ¬Å"study of goal-directed, self-regulating systemsâ⬠where the five factor personality dimesnsio ns are incorported to a larger framework,Read MoreThe Big Five Personality Dimensions905 Words à |à 4 PagesIn assessment one, it is measuring an individualââ¬â¢s traits based on the Big Five personality dimensions. The Big five project asked a series of questions that calculated a score for each of the 5 traits; Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism. At the end of this survey my results showed that on openness to experience I scored a percentile of 5. The assessment explains that lower scores tend to be display traits which of conventionalism, earthliness and a personRead MoreThe Big Five Dimensions Of Personality1456 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Big Five Dimensions of Personality Today, many researchers consider that they are five core personality traits. Evidence of this theory has been growing over the past 50 years, beginning with the research of D. W. Fiske (1949) and later expanded upon by other researchers including Norman (1967), Smith (1967), Goldberg (1981), and McCrae Costa (1987). The big five are broad categories of personality traits. While there is a major body of literature supporting this five-factor model of personalityRead MoreSteve Jobs Big Five Personality Dimension990 Words à |à 4 PagesSteve Jobsââ¬â¢ Big Five Personality Dimension 1. Customers donââ¬â¢t know what they want. The controversial start when the Steve Jobs come with this phrase ââ¬Å"We built [the Mac] for ourselves. We were the group of people who were going to judge whether it was great or not. We werent going to go out and do market researchâ⬠and after more than ten years he come up with this phrase ââ¬Å"A lot of times, people donââ¬â¢t know what they want until you show it to themâ⬠which is contradicting to current trend of doingRead MoreThe Big Five Personality Dimensions Of The Business World Things Are Always Changing1697 Words à |à 7 Pageschallenge. Personality plays a major role in how people communicate with one another. Personality is unique to each individual and isnââ¬â¢t just about how well someone is liked by others. Personality says a lot about a person and is directly related to how they communicate and what they share with others. Understanding these diverse personalities can help managers to create groups and teams that communicate in effective and efficient ways. The Big Five Personality Dimensions The big five personality dimensionsRead MoreThe Contribution Allport s Influence On The Academic World Essay1683 Words à |à 7 PagesThe next scholar to contribute was Allport. Allport stated that it is very unlikely that people just possessed one personality characteristic (Fleming, 2006). He claimed that personality exists in a ââ¬Å"psychological matrixâ⬠meaning within a person, that people possessed traits which can be categorized into levels, which in turn allows there to be comparison among different individuals (Liebert, R. M. Spiegler, M. D., 1970, 117). Allport also recognized that it is important to understand individualsRead MoreStrengths And Weaknesses Of A Team1198 Words à |à 5 PagesTeam Personality Traits Personalities can vary in groups of people from different areas of the country. University of Phoenix Learning Team B reflects similar personalities in which may not be a common aspect in most team environments. The Learn team B truthfully assessed the Big Five Personality test to understand strengths and weaknesses within the team. However, each member has displayed a high regard for team goals and participation. According to each team member the results of the test wouldRead MoreThe Keirsey Temperament Sorter And The Big Five Personality Test1200 Words à |à 5 Pages Personality is defined as the unique way in which each individual thinks, acts, and feels throughout life (Ciccarelli, 2014). Numerous individuals are curious in regards to their actions and how their mind works, thus leading companies to create personality tests, in order to provide individuals with some perspective on their personality. While individuals can take personality tests for leisure, personality tests are often utilized in situations such as job interviews, diagnosing mental disordersRead MoreThe Big Five Personality Constructs1654 Words à |à 7 PagesPersonality theories, or models, are metaphors for describing something which is intrinsically indescribable, the human personality. Currently, one of the most popular approaches among psychologists for studying personality theory is the Five-Factor Model (FFM) or Big Five dimensions of personality. This essay will explore the Big Five personality constructs and seek to explain how useful they are to understanding how people are likely to perform in a work situation. In conclusion, this essayRead MoreThe Human Mind For Millennia Essay1430 Words à |à 6 PagesIntroduction Personality is a topic that has interested the human mind for millennia. As early as the fourth century BC, Aristotle was writing about the differences within individuals based on ââ¬Å"determinants of moral and immoral behavior (Matthews Deary),â⬠which he identified as cowardice, vanity, and modesty. Aristotleââ¬â¢s student, Theophrastus, continued this thought process through a book detailing thirty personality traits, thus bringing forth the idea that an individualââ¬â¢s personality could be broken Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-56632182900856673212019-12-17T07:43:00.001-08:002019-12-17T07:43:04.713-08:00The Prejudice Of Race And Gender - 1365 Words ââ¬Å"About eighty-five years ago they were told they were free, united with others of our country in everything pertaining to the common good, and, in everything social, separate like the finger of the handâ⬠(Ellison). The notion of ââ¬Å"separate but equalâ⬠is one of the things that are mentioned by Ellison. This foreshadows the social constraints that the narrator and other blacks will face in this narrative and basically sets up a context to when the story was written. He explains that during this time many African Americans knew their place in society and obviously knew it wasn t fair, but at the same time it was the only way to get by and get ahead by complying. The narrative is a powerful representation of social conflict that existed during the 1930ââ¬â¢s and 1940ââ¬â¢s and is portrayed by the discrimination of race and gender. In this analysis you will see how race and gender are associated and how sometimes the combination can constrain one another. In this society the narrator and all his schoolmates are seen as lower than the ââ¬Å"big shotsâ⬠and when the narrator goes to give his speech for the ââ¬Å"townââ¬â¢s leading white citizensâ⬠the battle royal came first. The narrator had no say over the matter and had to fight in this battle royal in order to deliver his speech. He is ultimately seen as lower than the ââ¬Å"big shotsâ⬠or rich white men at the time. They are the ones who have the most power in America and choose what laws are passed and how things operate. This is a great representationShow MoreRelatedPrejudice On The Basis Of Race, Gender, And Sexual Orientation976 Words à |à 4 PagesPrejudice on the basis of race, gender, and sexual orientation is undeniably a prominent aspect of any society. As the media is a reflection of the society in which it exists, it can be assumed that such prejudiced ideals will be represented in it. Whether or not the media is racist, sexist and homophobic is a controversial topic as every individual member of society has a differing opinion on the matter, usually on account of their own race, etc, and their experiences with discrimination. In orderRead MoreSocial Construction Of Race And Gender1529 Words à |à 7 PagesConstruction of Race and Gender, Patriarchy and Prejudice and Discrimination in the Society Social construct may be defined as the social mechanism or a category which has been created by the society. It may either be a perception which is created by an individual or an idea which is constructed as a result of the culture. The present society has created a large number of constructs which are not good. In this paper, the discussion will be done on the social construction of race and gender and theRead MoreRacial Differences Of Sexual Prejudice And Its Correlation831 Words à |à 4 PagesRacial Differences in Sexual Prejudice and Its Correlates among Heterosexual Men Irene Dabion, John L. Peterson, and Dominic J. Parrott One in ten gay men and lesbians have admitted to being a victim to a violent crime. 50% state at some point in their life, they had been insulted or verbally abused. Furthermore, sexual orientation based hate crimes have significantly increased violence and its victims often suffer greater bodily harm. This a growing concern. Introduction Numerous researchRead MoreSocial Stratification And Its Effects On Physical And Mental Differences1216 Words à |à 5 Pagesseparation of based on physical and mental differences. Every society exhibits a pattern of separation between its people. We will focus mainly on the United States and how they organize people based on the three main organizing principles, class, race, and gender. Social class is defines as ââ¬Å"the grouping of individuals by economic positionâ⬠(Larkin, Para. 9). Members of each social class share similar income, wealth, lifestyle, social norms, behaviors, and life opportunities. Sociology theorists DennisRead MoreHow Is Discrimination Different from Prejudice and Stereotyping?629 Words à |à 3 Pages |Definition | |Discrimination |The denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice | | |or for other arbitrary reasons | |Institutional discrimination |A denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals or groups, resultingRead MoreThe Psychology Behind Prejudice : Humans Attitude1089 Words à |à 5 Pages The Psychology behind Prejudice: Humansââ¬â¢ Attitude Jacinda Knudtson Antelope Valley College Abstract Prejudice is an opinion in which is not based on any reasoning, and may cause harm. Prejudice can be seen just about anywhere, and it affects our daily lives. There are many different ways a person can show prejudice beliefs, but why do they believe things they have never experience? Some may say itââ¬â¢s something personal with oneââ¬â¢s self that causes prejudice thoughts, or some may thinkRead MoreRacism And Racism Essay986 Words à |à 4 PagesThere are significant differences and similarities between sexism and racism. Sexism occurs when a personââ¬â¢s gender or sex is used as the basis for discriminating. Females are more susceptible to sexism although males are also susceptible. Sexual harassment and rape are examples of extreme cases of sexism. Racism occurs when people of a particular race or ethnicity are discriminated against or made to feel inferior. The primary outcome of the paper after comparison is to determine most dehumanizingRead MoreEth 125 Work Sheet Es say example633 Words à |à 3 Pagesresponse to each of the following questions. Provide citations for all the sources you use. â⬠¢ What is discrimination? How is discrimination different from prejudice and stereotyping? â⬠¢ What are the causes of discrimination? â⬠¢ How is discrimination faced by one identity group (race, ethnicity, religious beliefs, gender, sexual orientation, age, or disability) the same as discrimination faced by another? How are they different? What is discrimination? The Google dictionaryRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Stratification On Minorities1195 Words à |à 5 Pageson minorities due to inequalityâ⬠¨Introduction â⬠¨During the course of this class I have learned about social problems within the society in which we live and around the world. It is disturbing to learn that poverty, social inequality, race and cultural discrimination, gender stratification, environmental damage, population growth, and urbanization are among the social problems and controversial issues that still exist in the United States. What is Social Stratification Social stratification is definedRead MoreRacial And Ethnic Tensions That Can Affect Our Society1392 Words à |à 6 PagesGood Evening Nortcentral High, Have you ever wondered why we discriminate or stereotype other individuals of a particular race, gender, age, or ethnicity? Because we live in world that is rapidly growing and becoming more diverse than ever, it is critical that we gain the knowledge and understanding of other cultures values, worldviews, and way of communication. In this lecture, we will address the racial and ethnic tensions that exist in our school. In addition, there will be a short play demonstrating Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-70458203976828936572019-12-09T04:26:00.001-08:002019-12-09T04:26:04.492-08:00System Analysis Of My Health Record Samples â⬠MyAssignmenthelp.com Question: Discuss about the System Analysis Of My Health Record. Answer: Introduction The project My Health Record system has been undertaken by the Commonwealth Government of Australia with an aim of improving the quality of patient care. This new system is expected to reduce several issues, which includes unavailability of the important information associated with a patients health. This project will provide a much needed reformation in the existing system will also address the escalating costs of the health care (Pearce Bainbridge, 2014). The vision document that is to be prepared for the project outlines the problems, capabilities and the benefits of the project. Problems The major problem with the existing system is that it becomes very difficult for the physicians to track the health summary of a patient as it is a time consuming task to go through each and every manual documents in order to have a detailed understanding of the patients health. With the increasing use of technology and innovation in everydays work, it becomes essential to innovate the process of providing medical services to the patient. Furthermore, it becomes very much difficult for the people in rural areas to receive proper medical treatment. This new system is expected to revolutionize the process of providing medication to the patients (Thilakanathan et al., 2014). The health summary option will be a great help to the physicians to understand the health condition of the patient. Another major problem associated with the manual record keeping is its maintenance. It is problematic for the hospital authorities to manually record and keep the data of every patient. It increases th e risk of data inconsistency. Manually stored data is not as efficient as the electronic record, which is easier to access. The project is expected to provide a much needed reform in the traditional ways of providing medical services to the clients. Capabilities The new health care system My Health Record system that is to be developed is capable of revolutionizing the ways of doing business. The system will be capable of providing a digital summary of the health information of a particular person so that it becomes easier for the physicians to provide required medication services to the patients (Koh, et al., 2013). The system although deals with the storage of health information of patients over internet, it is completely secure as the confidential information of the patient will be secured by proper authorization. The information will be accessed by the person whom the patient gives access to the health information. The system will be developed with the highest level of security so that the patients can trust the system with their sensitive and confidential health information. The patients record will be stored over cloud and therefore, it is not required for the patients to maintain complex hardware. The health record system can be acces sed by different digital devices such as mobile, tablets, PCs and notebooks (Charles, Gabriel Furukawa, 2013). The system will provide 24*7 connectivity to the health records and the associated medication services. With a user-friendly interface, it is expected that the system will be adopted by many patients. It will further be beneficial to the patient of rural areas who are not able to receive proper medication services due to geographical distance. Therefore, it can be said that the system is capable of revolutionizing the way of providing medical services to the patients (DesRoches et al., 2013). Benefits The benefits of implementing the My Health Record system are as follows- My Health Record system will provide a better access to the health care information to the patients and the physicians. This is possible as the healthcare information of the patients is available at one place and is accessible online. The new system will no doubt provide a better security and will improve the safety in storing the health information online over manual record keeping (Bowman, 2013). It is more convenient to use a digital health record system as the patient of the physician do not need to memorise the health history such as medicinal history, details of chronic condition and recent tests. It will provide the much needed privacy by safeguarding the information by proper authentication control and encryption. Conclusion After analysing the problems capabilities and the benefits of the My Health Record system, it can be concluded that it is essential to implement the system in order to improve the quality of providing services to the patients and in reducing the rate of hospital admission. This system is safe and secure to be implemented and therefore the project should be initiated as soon as possible. References Bowman, S. (2013). Impact of electronic health record systems on information integrity: quality and safety implications.Perspectives in Health Information Management,10(Fall). Charles, D., Gabriel, M., Furukawa, M. F. (2013). Adoption of electronic health record systems among US non-federal acute care hospitals: 2008-2012.ONC data brief,9, 1-9. DesRoches, C. M., Charles, D., Furukawa, M. F., Joshi, M. S., Kralovec, P., Mostashari, F., ... Jha, A. K. (2013). Adoption of electronic health records grows rapidly, but fewer than half of US hospitals had at least a basic system in 2012.Health Affairs,32(8), 1478-1485. Koh, H. K., Brach, C., Harris, L. M., Parchman, M. L. (2013). A proposed health literate care modelwould constitute a systems approach to improving patients engagement in care.Health Affairs,32(2), 357-367. Pearce, C., Bainbridge, M. (2014). A personally controlled electronic health record for Australia.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association,21(4), 707-713. Thilakanathan, D., Chen, S., Nepal, S., Calvo, R., Alem, L. (2014). A platform for secure monitoring and sharing of generic health data in the Cloud.Future Generation Computer Systems,35, 102-113. Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-11325763098586029662019-12-01T16:07:00.001-08:002019-12-01T16:07:04.730-08:00Salaam Bombay Essays (1114 words) - Indian Films, Films, Salaam Bombay Salaam Bombay! Moiz Bhinderwala Westford, MA Title: Salaam Bombay! Director: Mira Nair Give a brief description of the main characters: The main characters in this movie are Krishna, his friend Chillum, a prostitute with her small daughter, a pimp, street-kids and a 16-yr old girl. Krishna: Krishna is a twelve year old boy, who is in search for a job so that he can earn enough money to pay his mother in order to return to his family. He is left behind by a travelling circus where he works. Left with no other option Krishna decides to head to a big city in search for a job. He heads to Bombay, a big metropolitan city in India. He finds a job at a tea-shop as a tea-delivery boy. Apparently this tea-shop is located near a prostitution area of the city, which Krishna has to frequent to deliver the tea. There he comes across various people, such as a prostitute who has a small daughter, a 16-yr old girl who has been forcefully dragged into this profession, and these people then slowly become a part of his life in the city. Krishna's experiences in the city, his ability to withstand the tough life in the city, his generosity towards his friend, the conflicts that take place, all create interesting ?bends? in this movie. The plight of abandoned street children in Bomb ay is examined through the life of Krishna works hard to overcome his conditions only to find there is no way out! Chillum: Chillum like Krishna had ran away from his home in the village at a very young age and came to Bombay. Chillum is a drug addict and works for a pimp in the prostitution area. Chillum and Krishna slowly develop a close-knit friendship as both can identify with each other's lives. When Chillum loses his job, and can't any more, becomes dependent on Krishna for expenses on drugs. He dies soon of drug abuse. In a way, through Chillum this movie portrays how drugs have affected life of the poor street-kids of Bombay, how they are mistreated and abused by people who take advantage of them because of their vulnerability. The prostitute with her daughter: This is yet another result of human desire that plagues human society- prostitution. As sad as it is, prostitution in cities like Bombay is a big business. Most girls who become prostitutes, don't do so by choice, they are forced into it. Most of these girls are from small towns and villages, who are brought to cities with big promises and then dumped into such areas. The story of the prostitute in the movie is no different. The word prostitute doesn't seem apt for this lady, who shows such compassion and love. It is a very sad situation that she is in, like many other prostitutes in cities like Bombay. Through her daughter the movie portrays the life of many such kids, who are abused and neglected by a parent, in her case, Baba. Her mother however is very loving and cares for her, she doesn't want her daughter to end up in the same profession as her. She is the world to her mother. Baba (the pimp): The pimp who calls himself Baba (respected master) is a dark character in this movie. He is the father of the prostitute's daughter. He apparently is also a drug dealer who employs people like Chillum to distribute drugs around the city. He lives off the money that the prostitute earns. He had promised her that he will someday free her from this profession, but that was just a promise that he never lives up to. Street-Kids: The street-kids portrayed in the movie, although are seemingly very mean and nasty, they are a victim of the vicious circle of poverty that exists in big cities like Bombay. many such kids run away from their homes in small towns and villages in search of a better life or jobs and the attraction of cities like Bombay, which is a center of the Indian film-industry leads them there. This vicious circle makes them do crimes like robbery, gambling and drug abuse. Source of Conflict: Salaam Bombay! is the story of Krishna, a 12-year old Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-31869911364373206572019-11-26T18:17:00.001-08:002019-11-26T18:17:04.631-08:00Diversity in an organizationDiversity in an organization Diversity is being considered as a dream for capitalist. This is because they are not fully aware of the best and appropriate time to implement the program in business. Many still wonder if it will be appropriate to implement it today or in future. However, Diversity Program leaders should first comprehend their evolutionary practice to be able to obtain success.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Diversity in an organization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They should also understand that there is no limit in attaining diversity due to dynamic changes in communication, mobility and diversity itself (Cramer 1). Nevertheless, the most advantageous time to implement diversity in the organization is now. This is because organizational effectiveness will be at risk if the managers do not possess efficient diversity management skills. Diversity is the greatest asset in an organization; it should be acquired and cultivated b efore it is applied. There are numerous advantages and disadvantages of implementing diversity program in business. For example, leaders who possess excellent knowledge in managing large group of employees are capable of promoting productivity, stimulating employee morale and are able to avail and access new sectors in the marketplace. Some of the problems that diverse organizations face include communication issues, racism and discrimination. This paper summarizes the key business arguments for and against diversity as illustrated in the two articles. Increase in revenue is one of the major advantages of diversity in business. This is because diversity in business promotes innovation and creativity which results in increased revenue. Organizations that have diverse workforce have a great experience in solving issues and problems. They also have ease in implementing decisions since the entire workforce contribute in the decision making process creating understanding and corporation when it comes to work. Those companies that have committed themselves in using Diversity Programs experience strategic advantage (Cramer 1).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Such organizations are able to understand and respond to cultural consequences experienced when the organization sets its strategies and also during sales process. According to the report of a study conducted by researchers, high productivity will be the result obtained for accurately administering and training diverse organizational employees. The report also indicated that diverse teams record higher productivity. Workers can learn and benefit from each other in a diverse environment. This will enhance effectiveness, creativity, improvement and increase performance among the workers. One of the disadvantages of diverse organization is high turnover where you find that the turnover for one grou p of consumers is higher than the other. For instance, a car dealer in Japan is likely to get that a huge number of his customers are mainly women who are not citizens of Japan. Chinese people make a quarter of the worldââ¬â¢s population and this means that consumer-goods industry is flooded with Chinese people (Hubbard 1). Therefore the organization will miss many market opportunities of reaching potentially profitable consumers. Many cases of discrimination, racism and biasness will crop up when an organization has one line of target group. The organization will only be focused on the target group while ignoring others. If diversity is not effectively used in an organization, it can bring serious problems that will generally led to lower production from the workforce. In conclusion, diversity is the greatest asset in an organization; it should therefore be acquired and cultivated before it is applied. The time to implement diversity in organizations is now. Corporations should therefore take the initiative of acquiring and cultivation their Diversity Programs for them to achieve effectiveness. Corporate leaders should redefine their own diverse efforts to obtain maturity and success in the long run. They should however be fully aware of advantages and disadvantages of Diversity Programs and look for a way of dealing with its shortcomings.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Diversity in an organization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Cramer, Vincent. Diversity: A Capitalistââ¬â¢s Dream. Boston: Convergence Media, Inc, 2003. Hubbard, Edward. The Business Case for Diversity. California: Hubbard Hubbard Inc, 2009. Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-90768387110892768422019-11-23T01:51:00.001-08:002019-11-23T01:51:04.026-08:00Production and Sale of Cigarettes Should Be Made IllegalProduction and Sale of Cigarettes Should Be Made Illegal Criminalize Cigarette Smoking Now! It used to be that everyone smoked. Seriously, 50 years ago, Americans (and those in many other countries around the world) smoked cigarettes like the world was ending. It was what people did; instead of killing time by playing on their iPhones, people used to light up. Rarely, then, would you see a group of people at a table without a cloud of smoke hovering over the table. Well, things have changed quite a bit in the last half-century; the use of cigarettes is less ubiquitous. Things have changed for the better, the healthier, thatââ¬â¢s for sure. Today, one could argue that the production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal, and with good reason. One reason to criminalize the production, sale and consumption of cigarettes is due to the fact that smoking tobacco has no medical value whatsoever. Research and science says its use is a major cause of cancer and other problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, emphysema, chronic bronchitis and others. Some people, on the contrary, smoke their entire lives without so much as a bad cough ââ¬â but they are in the minority. Moderate alcohol consumption, rather, has been shown to thin blood, lower the heart rate and relax people. Tobacco does the complete opposite. The consumption and production and sale of tobacco should be made illegal because itââ¬â¢s quite unhealthy ââ¬â more than that, itââ¬â¢s kills millions of people around the world each year. Secondly, tobacco is very addictive. Its main chemical is nicotine, a toxic colorless or yellowish, oily liquid, the chief active constituent of tobacco. It acts as a stimulant in small doses, but in larger amounts, it blocks the action of autonomic nerve and skeletal muscle cells. Itââ¬â¢s so addictive that seasoned smokers canââ¬â¢t often go but just a few hours without a smoke and withdrawal symptoms are quite intense, though not as harsh as alcohol and opiates. If something is so addictive that people canââ¬â¢t go long without it and so addictive that people struggle for a lifetime trying to quit, then something so detrimental to oneââ¬â¢s health should be made illegal, and not just illegal in a small sense: Repercussion for its use, possession, production and sale should result in dire penalties like extreme fines, jail time and criminal proceedings. Lastly, cigarette smokers often begin smoking in their adolescent years, when theyââ¬â¢re caving in to peer pressure and a desire for popularity. They see the ââ¬Å"cool kidsâ⬠doing it, actors in films and TV shows smoking cigarettes ââ¬â and they see people in everyday life doing it, too, mostly at public places, like benches, parks, outside of restaurants ââ¬â all over their community. And so they think it is okay, like having a few drinks like adults do. But moderate alcohol consumption in adults has not been proven to affect oneââ¬â¢s health negatively. Nonetheless, teens are impressionable and canââ¬â¢t make the best decisions on their own; thatââ¬â¢s why they canââ¬â¢t vote or own a gun. They would be just too immature to consider their future and its negative consequences. Teens just donââ¬â¢t think about these things. Well, if the production and sale of cigarettes were to be made illegal, fewer teens would be seeking cigarettes, and less peopl e would begin smoking this addictive, unhealthy substance in the first place. They would not see it, so they would not want it. Itââ¬â¢s something we donââ¬â¢t need, and this notion pertains especially to adolescents, who arenââ¬â¢t ready to think about their long-term health, their futures as grandparents, fathers and spouses. To conclude this argument, that the production and sale (and maybe even its possession and usage) of cigarettes be made illegal, itââ¬â¢s important to consider the facts: Tobacco is very unhealthy ââ¬â it kills people; nicotine is heavily addictive, and young people want to do it. So, of course, fewer people are smoking today. But weââ¬â¢re forgetting one very important fact about smoking: how disgusting it is. Have you ever smoked? Itââ¬â¢s pretty gross. The smoke smells like last nightââ¬â¢s dinner burning to a black crisp on the kitchen stove, mixed with a long-decomposing corpse. On top of that, it turns your teeth, tongue and smoking fingertips the nasty, yellowish color of the nicotine. Even worse ââ¬â a smokerââ¬â¢s clothes and hair always have the foul odor of stale cigarettes. These are just a few more reasons explaining why the production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal in America. Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-63207813094596306912019-11-21T03:55:00.001-08:002019-11-21T03:55:09.444-08:00Nobel memorial prize for economics 2009 elinor ostom Research PaperNobel memorial prize for economics 2009 elinor ostom - Research Paper Example In the context of the current global economic crisis that has been brought about due to a paradigm that celebrates unlimited growth and rampant misuse of the worldââ¬â¢s resources, Ostromââ¬â¢s work takes on a significance that goes beyond theory and if applied to the real world of ecosystems and how we can manage with the resources that have been bequeathed to us by nature, her work is indeed laudatory. Ostromââ¬â¢s work is especially relevant when one considers the fact that our planet is in the throes of an ecological crisis due to climate change arising out of burning fossil fuels and that we as a species have used up most of the finite resources like oil, minerals etc. Hence, Ostromââ¬â¢s pioneering work in the field of managing common pool resources can be said to be especially relevant for the times that we live in. To quote from a website that analyzed her work in the area of self governance and usage of common pool resources, ââ¬Å"In general there are two main governance structures that are widely accepted in the literature; market or government oriented solutions. The eminent free-rider problem thwart social optimality when individuals do not coordinate their actions and cooperation cannot be accomplished internally. Ostrom argues against both of the external mechanisms and, through her extensive fieldwork, shows that self-governance is possible where communities develop their ruling systems to manage common pool resources. Her findings clearly indicate that rules imposed or dictated have little legitimacy and would be violated. On the contrary, when there is consensus on the governing principles or internal enforcement apparatuses people tend to obey them. This presentation aims to delve into more details of her criticisms of standard economic governance theories. Then, her contributions to collective decision making and her Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-73321572917729035592019-11-19T15:50:00.001-08:002019-11-19T15:50:03.641-08:00Organizations are nothing but large-sized groups. Their fundamental EssayOrganizations are nothing but large-sized groups. Their fundamental dynamics are essentially the same. Discuss - Essay Example That is, when humans join together, there will be ââ¬Ëaccumulationââ¬â¢ of more minds, hands, output, etc, etc, leading to better completion of tasks. Large groups, irrespective of their domain, will have to work as a team with positive dynamics to achieve their targets. Even if there is dissension from few members or even from a single member of those groups, the activity of that large group may be impeded and will result in failure. Although, all the important processes of large groups or organizations starts and ends with the leader or the management team, the employees will be the crucial cog, who has to optimally work as part of ââ¬Å"work teamsâ⬠. In any organized human activity including that of large groups, the successful work teams with positive team dynamics can be successfully set or established, if the head successfully involves the humans as part of the decision making process. The large groups have to be guided and supervised by leader or leaders. The evolu tion of leaders could be visible in the childhood itself. In the childhood, he/she will have company of tiny tots of his/her age and all of them as part of large groups or small groups will involve themselves in the group activities, in their school or in their neighborhood. These activities could be in the form of physical as well as mental, and most of the activities will demand a team, which could be even a two-person team. While involving themselves in the team activities, some one from the group will try to guide and dominate the other ones. This is the natural process and everyoneââ¬â¢s childhood will be replete with situations like this. Although, a child with a good physical stature and ability to communicate at any moment will try to become a leader, in course of time, any organized activity will need a leader who can productively involve the other members as well, thereby motivating them. To make them more integrated towards their targets, the leaders can productively i nvolve them. The same can be replicated in business organizations as well. That is, the leader or the management team of a business organization can put their thoughts, strategies and also the organizational goals for discussion among the other workers. This way the workers as a form of work teams can be involved productively, with dynamics aiding the process. The workers can input their gained knowledge and experience in the decision making process, and will come up with optimal and path breaking suggestions and ideas. So, involving and making co-workers to play a part as work teams will yield optimum results, as it will optimize the performance of the employees. That is, if the employees are given important responsibilities, they will optimize their mental and physical abilities to complete the given work successfully. As it is a matter of proving oneself among the group of fellow workers, the employees will come up with feasible and effective suggestions, ideas, etc in-group and thereby will incorporate team dynamics, to help the organizations function effectively. This was further supported by Fineman & Gabriel (1996), who state that sound delegation will ensure better productivity from the employees as they will work with clear goals. However, the aspect that should be taken care is, even though the workers can be optimally involved as work teams with dynamics, Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-67377402073333249922019-11-17T04:21:00.001-08:002019-11-17T04:21:04.627-08:00ObamaCare is Driving a Wedge Between the Socio-Economic Classes Essay Example for Free ObamaCare is Driving a Wedge Between the Socio-Economic Classes Essay The Affordable Care Act is amplifying the difference between socio-economic classes because the ACA encourages employers to cut employee hours. The mainstream of college students hold jobs while studying so that they can pay rent and phone bills, and occasionally go to the movies or out to dinner. We get the money for these bills and happenings through bi-weekly paychecks. We work hard, usually for forty to fifty hours a week, and are compensated near minimum wage. Although miniscule, it is still enough to cover the daily expenses in our lives and to have a bit left over for extraneous items, however if hours are lost then this will not be the case for us students. Big businesses for example, are often the ones who disburse paychecks to people attending college. They offer entry-level jobs that are easy to come by, are constantly expanding, and have a high turnover rate. Large corporations, such as Regal Entertainment Group, Five Guys Burgers, and Petco, are cutting employeeââ¬â¢s hours down to less than thirty a week. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) supports employers to provide health insurance to employees working full-time (thirty-plus hours weekly). By cutting theà hours, people are no longer are entitled to health insurance provided by the employer. The lower class of the U.S. economy consists of a demographic of people whose hours are being cut. A continuing decline of hours will only result in more financial burdens on the employees. Losing eleven hours could mean an individual who manages paying for groceries as well as car insurance with the same paycheck may have to start choosing between the two when receiving future checks. In addition to cutting hours, many employers are limiting hiring to avoid spending more money on health coverage. Robert Samuelson supports the idea that the ACAââ¬â¢s costs and complexities are going to deter some companies from hiring, and that it would be divisive to the socio-economic classes. In ââ¬Å"Both Sides May Lose the battle over Obamacareâ⬠from October 25ââ¬â¢s Register-Guard, Samuelson states that as a result of employers not being able to afford health care for all employ ees, hours must be cut. A business only has reduce hours to under thirty a week in order to avoid paying health care. Once this cut is made, a previously full-time employee is taking home 100-200 dollars less each paycheck. This unfortunate trend will continue and even increase: 15% of larger employers and 20% of small businesses plan to reduce employeesââ¬â¢ hours or benefits according to a recent survey by the International Foundation of Employee Benefit Plans. Small businesses play an important role in the U.S. economy and are a strong driver of job growth and innovation. But small business are severely disadvantaged by the current U.S. health care system relative their larger counterparts. A new report by the Council of Economic Advisors (CEA) examines the challenges faced by smaller firms under the current health care system, and the likely impacts of health care reform on small business and the workers they employ. This implicit tax disadvantages small firms in both the market for the best workers and the market for their products. For example, both Trader Joeââ¬â¢s and Home Depot have stopped providing health care to part-time employees, and Forever 21 plans to cut hours and reclassify some employees as part-time. In fact, businesses all over the country, compelled by the financial strain introduced by the ACA, are making similar decisions. Once the ACA goes into effect, even more businesses will be forced by the financial reality o f the Act to reduce employee hours. As the wage earning potential of part-time employees falls, we can expect more extreme changes to the economy. Among these changes, businesses are now expecting employees to find and fund their own health care. This is nearly impossible when many workers are already living below the poverty line. Irrespective of how small the premiums will be, it will still over-burden many employees. There will be times ahead when many Americans are going to have to choose between paying for their health insurance and paying a monthly bill; disturbing when you consider the children and people with disabilities. Even after these employment cuts, the White House claims that the number of part-time employees that are looking for full-time work remained the same during the month of September at 7.9 million employees. Jason Furman, chairman of the White House Council of Economic Advises said, We are not seeing any effect in the data. With this data being manipulated, it would appear that all of the employees that have been reassigned as part-time workers are okay with it. This is not the case; businesses have unt il 2015 to cut hours and avoid paying for employee healthcare. The number of part-time workers looking for full-time work will steadily increase over the next twenty-four months; the statistics need to be revisited when people are more aware of cuts that businesses are enforcing. People who fall below the poverty line will pay less for health care compared to those who are in the middle class. Based on individual/family income, people may be eligible for tax credit subsidies through state-ran exchanges. Based on household income, people are placed in different subsidy brackets. Even with the tax credits, people have no choice but to take home less money and to pay out of pocket for health insurance that they previously did not want. Many businesses have claimed they are not cutting hours, but instead are holding off on hiring because of costs caused by the ACA mandates. Employers who postpone hiring are still damaging to the economy. In fact, postponing hiring can do just as much damage, if not more to the economy than cutting hours. People would much rather have fewer hours at a job, than no job at all. In turn, this also increases the unemployment rate, thus driving the wedge between social classes even deeper. Any employer that cuts hours to avoid paying h ealth insurance will create a bigger difference between the socio-economic classes. By taking away hours that an employee is able to work at a business, the employee has no choice but to take home less money in their paychecks. Earning less money reflectsà directly on their socio-economic class, setting them farther apart from the wealthier individuals on the scale. Without resolution, cuts in full-time employment will increase the gap between socio-economic classes. It is making the poor even poorer, and separating the less wealthy from the rich even more then they already are. The economy is going to fall into a slump, people will not be able to pay car payments, nor provide adequate food for their families. What is going to happen to our country, the country that is based on the forty-hour workweek, if corporate business does not cease their greedy actions? Our only option is to wait and see what happens. Works Cited Conover, Chris. Who Can Deny It? Obamacare Is Accelerating U.S. Towards A Part-Time Nation. Forbes. Forbes Magazine, 31 July 2013. Web. 29 Oct. 2013. economic effects of health care on small business. executive office of the president council of economic adviers (2009): 18. health reform . summary of the affordable care act (2013): 13. McVeigh, Karen. US Employers Slashing Worker Hours to Avoid Obamacare Insurance Mandate. The Guardian. The Guardian, 30 Sept. 2013. Web. 28 Oct. 2013. Myers, Lisa, and Hannah Rappleye. Obama Admin. Knew Millions Could Not Keep Their Health Insurance. NBC News. NBC, 28 Oct 2013. Web. 29 Oct. 2013. Nicks, Denver. Trader Joes Explains Why Its Cutting Health Benefits For Part Timers. Swampland.Time.com. Time Magazine, 17 Sept. 2013. Web. 28 Oct. 2013. Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1565550078121130372.post-67493151650186324202019-11-14T16:52:00.001-08:002019-11-14T16:52:06.000-08:00recovery :: essays research papers Disaster Recovery for Linux There is no bootable Linux system on HDD in a disaster situation; therefore it is always a good idea to backup the bootable Linux system on removable media for example on floppy disks. For example if the hard disk fails, or if an important file is accidentally deleted. No matter what the cause is some recovery procedures will be needed. à à à à à The first step to recover from a disaster is to make a custom boot disk. It is not sufficient to just copy the standard boot disk image from the Linux cd rom because it will not necessarily have all the Kernal support configured. First log into the root shell session by using the cd / command and inserting a floppy disk. Then examine the /etc/lilo.conf to find the Kernal identity and use the mkbootdisk command and device /dev/fd0 with the string, example 2.2.5-15, found in the /etc/lilo.conf. The uname ââ¬âa command can be used to display the Kernal version. After the successful completion of that step eject the disk and write protect it. Another way to recover from a disaster is to make a rescue disk. The rescue disk is taken from the image in the linux cdrom. It is not like the custom bootdisk where an examination of the /etc/lilo.conf is done. What makes the boot disk created for the system valuable is that it contains the special drivers, such as SCSI drivers, that may be required to boot the system. Another alternative to recover from a disaster is to create a Tomââ¬â¢s Root Boot Diskette. The tomsrtbt distribution may be done on the internet: A complete Linux system on a single diskette. To create the diskette set the browser to http://www.toms.net/rb/ and download the latest version. To prepare the emergency boot disk, place the zipped tar file into a directory such as /usr/local/src and follow the install procedures. The tar file is a versatile archiving utility that is not limited to strictly tape backup. TAR files can be stored locally as files, and sent over nertworks as a method of back up. recovery :: essays research papers Disaster Recovery for Linux There is no bootable Linux system on HDD in a disaster situation; therefore it is always a good idea to backup the bootable Linux system on removable media for example on floppy disks. For example if the hard disk fails, or if an important file is accidentally deleted. No matter what the cause is some recovery procedures will be needed. à à à à à The first step to recover from a disaster is to make a custom boot disk. It is not sufficient to just copy the standard boot disk image from the Linux cd rom because it will not necessarily have all the Kernal support configured. First log into the root shell session by using the cd / command and inserting a floppy disk. Then examine the /etc/lilo.conf to find the Kernal identity and use the mkbootdisk command and device /dev/fd0 with the string, example 2.2.5-15, found in the /etc/lilo.conf. The uname ââ¬âa command can be used to display the Kernal version. After the successful completion of that step eject the disk and write protect it. Another way to recover from a disaster is to make a rescue disk. The rescue disk is taken from the image in the linux cdrom. It is not like the custom bootdisk where an examination of the /etc/lilo.conf is done. What makes the boot disk created for the system valuable is that it contains the special drivers, such as SCSI drivers, that may be required to boot the system. Another alternative to recover from a disaster is to create a Tomââ¬â¢s Root Boot Diskette. The tomsrtbt distribution may be done on the internet: A complete Linux system on a single diskette. To create the diskette set the browser to http://www.toms.net/rb/ and download the latest version. To prepare the emergency boot disk, place the zipped tar file into a directory such as /usr/local/src and follow the install procedures. The tar file is a versatile archiving utility that is not limited to strictly tape backup. TAR files can be stored locally as files, and sent over nertworks as a method of back up. Lhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03882291664013534027noreply@blogger.com0