The Big Five Dimensions Of Personality - 1035 Words

The Big Five Dimensions of Personality 11695795 Oklahoma State University The Big Five Dimensions of Personality The Big Five Dimensions of Personality are five dimensions of personality that depict personality traits in humans. The dimensions are openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. The Big Five Dimensions of Personality are used in favor of other models because of the eradication of overlapping traits. This particular model shows regularity in experiments, surveys, and interviews. Studies have proven that it is effective with all ages and past histories of people. Openness is the first of the traits of the Big Five model. Openness is the capability to allow different and new things into one’s life. Extraordinary ideas, creativeness, curiosity, and exploration are things that can be associated with openness. Openness plays a very crucial role in the Big Five model because it helps individuals have a clearer look at what is going on inside their mind and their feelings about things. There have been people who ha ve had controversy about openness as a personality trait. It can be mistaken with intellect and some may interchange the two or consider them as one trait, at times. The next of the five traits of the Big Five is conscientiousness. Conscientiousness is the ability to show self-control, behave in a optimistic manner, achieve one’s goals and dreams, and be structured. This is the trait that has a lot to do withShow MoreRelatedThe Big Five Personality Dimensions Essay995 Words   |  4 PagesThe big five is continually being adapted has been modified to provide a better framework (DeYoung, 2015). A modern adaption to the big five personality dimensions provides â€Å"mechanistic† techniques providing more â€Å"precise definitions† of terms associated with personality and related factors (DeYoung, 2015, 54). With adaptions comes a new name, Cybernetics is the â€Å"study of goal-directed, self-regulating systems† where the five factor personality dimesnsio ns are incorported to a larger framework,Read MoreThe Big Five Personality Dimensions905 Words   |  4 PagesIn assessment one, it is measuring an individual’s traits based on the Big Five personality dimensions. The Big five project asked a series of questions that calculated a score for each of the 5 traits; Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism. At the end of this survey my results showed that on openness to experience I scored a percentile of 5. The assessment explains that lower scores tend to be display traits which of conventionalism, earthliness and a personRead MoreThe Big Five Dimensions Of Personality1456 Words   |  6 PagesThe Big Five Dimensions of Personality Today, many researchers consider that they are five core personality traits. Evidence of this theory has been growing over the past 50 years, beginning with the research of D. W. Fiske (1949) and later expanded upon by other researchers including Norman (1967), Smith (1967), Goldberg (1981), and McCrae Costa (1987). The big five are broad categories of personality traits. While there is a major body of literature supporting this five-factor model of personalityRead MoreSteve Jobs Big Five Personality Dimension990 Words   |  4 PagesSteve Jobs’ Big Five Personality Dimension 1. Customers don’t know what they want. The controversial start when the Steve Jobs come with this phrase â€Å"We built [the Mac] for ourselves. We were the group of people who were going to judge whether it was great or not. We werent going to go out and do market research† and after more than ten years he come up with this phrase â€Å"A lot of times, people don’t know what they want until you show it to them† which is contradicting to current trend of doingRead MoreThe Big Five Personality Dimensions Of The Business World Things Are Always Changing1697 Words   |  7 Pageschallenge. Personality plays a major role in how people communicate with one another. Personality is unique to each individual and isn’t just about how well someone is liked by others. Personality says a lot about a person and is directly related to how they communicate and what they share with others. Understanding these diverse personalities can help managers to create groups and teams that communicate in effective and efficient ways. The Big Five Personality Dimensions The big five personality dimensionsRead MoreThe Contribution Allport s Influence On The Academic World Essay1683 Words   |  7 PagesThe next scholar to contribute was Allport. Allport stated that it is very unlikely that people just possessed one personality characteristic (Fleming, 2006). He claimed that personality exists in a â€Å"psychological matrix† meaning within a person, that people possessed traits which can be categorized into levels, which in turn allows there to be comparison among different individuals (Liebert, R. M. Spiegler, M. D., 1970, 117). Allport also recognized that it is important to understand individualsRead MoreStrengths And Weaknesses Of A Team1198 Words   |  5 PagesTeam Personality Traits Personalities can vary in groups of people from different areas of the country. University of Phoenix Learning Team B reflects similar personalities in which may not be a common aspect in most team environments. The Learn team B truthfully assessed the Big Five Personality test to understand strengths and weaknesses within the team. However, each member has displayed a high regard for team goals and participation. According to each team member the results of the test wouldRead MoreThe Keirsey Temperament Sorter And The Big Five Personality Test1200 Words   |  5 Pages Personality is defined as the unique way in which each individual thinks, acts, and feels throughout life (Ciccarelli, 2014). Numerous individuals are curious in regards to their actions and how their mind works, thus leading companies to create personality tests, in order to provide individuals with some perspective on their personality. While individuals can take personality tests for leisure, personality tests are often utilized in situations such as job interviews, diagnosing mental disordersRead MoreThe Big Five Personality Constructs1654 Words   |  7 PagesPersonality theories, or models, are metaphors for describing something which is intrinsically indescribable, the human personality. Currently, one of the most popular approaches among psychologists for studying personality theory is the Five-Factor Model (FFM) or Big Five dimensions of personality. This essay will explore the Big Five personality constructs and seek to explain how useful they are to understanding how people are likely to perform in a work situation. In conclusion, this essayRead MoreThe Human Mind For Millennia Essay1430 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Personality is a topic that has interested the human mind for millennia. As early as the fourth century BC, Aristotle was writing about the differences within individuals based on â€Å"determinants of moral and immoral behavior (Matthews Deary),† which he identified as cowardice, vanity, and modesty. Aristotle’s student, Theophrastus, continued this thought process through a book detailing thirty personality traits, thus bringing forth the idea that an individual’s personality could be broken

The Prejudice Of Race And Gender - 1365 Words

â€Å"About eighty-five years ago they were told they were free, united with others of our country in everything pertaining to the common good, and, in everything social, separate like the finger of the hand† (Ellison). The notion of â€Å"separate but equal† is one of the things that are mentioned by Ellison. This foreshadows the social constraints that the narrator and other blacks will face in this narrative and basically sets up a context to when the story was written. He explains that during this time many African Americans knew their place in society and obviously knew it wasn t fair, but at the same time it was the only way to get by and get ahead by complying. The narrative is a powerful representation of social conflict that existed during the 1930’s and 1940’s and is portrayed by the discrimination of race and gender. In this analysis you will see how race and gender are associated and how sometimes the combination can constrain one another. In this society the narrator and all his schoolmates are seen as lower than the â€Å"big shots† and when the narrator goes to give his speech for the â€Å"town’s leading white citizens† the battle royal came first. The narrator had no say over the matter and had to fight in this battle royal in order to deliver his speech. He is ultimately seen as lower than the â€Å"big shots† or rich white men at the time. They are the ones who have the most power in America and choose what laws are passed and how things operate. This is a great representationShow MoreRelatedPrejudice On The Basis Of Race, Gender, And Sexual Orientation976 Words   |  4 PagesPrejudice on the basis of race, gender, and sexual orientation is undeniably a prominent aspect of any society. As the media is a reflection of the society in which it exists, it can be assumed that such prejudiced ideals will be represented in it. Whether or not the media is racist, sexist and homophobic is a controversial topic as every individual member of society has a differing opinion on the matter, usually on account of their own race, etc, and their experiences with discrimination. In orderRead MoreSocial Construction Of Race And Gender1529 Words   |  7 PagesConstruction of Race and Gender, Patriarchy and Prejudice and Discrimination in the Society Social construct may be defined as the social mechanism or a category which has been created by the society. It may either be a perception which is created by an individual or an idea which is constructed as a result of the culture. The present society has created a large number of constructs which are not good. In this paper, the discussion will be done on the social construction of race and gender and theRead MoreRacial Differences Of Sexual Prejudice And Its Correlation831 Words   |  4 PagesRacial Differences in Sexual Prejudice and Its Correlates among Heterosexual Men Irene Dabion, John L. Peterson, and Dominic J. Parrott One in ten gay men and lesbians have admitted to being a victim to a violent crime. 50% state at some point in their life, they had been insulted or verbally abused. Furthermore, sexual orientation based hate crimes have significantly increased violence and its victims often suffer greater bodily harm. This a growing concern. Introduction Numerous researchRead MoreSocial Stratification And Its Effects On Physical And Mental Differences1216 Words   |  5 Pagesseparation of based on physical and mental differences. Every society exhibits a pattern of separation between its people. We will focus mainly on the United States and how they organize people based on the three main organizing principles, class, race, and gender. Social class is defines as â€Å"the grouping of individuals by economic position† (Larkin, Para. 9). Members of each social class share similar income, wealth, lifestyle, social norms, behaviors, and life opportunities. Sociology theorists DennisRead MoreHow Is Discrimination Different from Prejudice and Stereotyping?629 Words   |  3 Pages |Definition | |Discrimination |The denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice | | |or for other arbitrary reasons | |Institutional discrimination |A denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals or groups, resultingRead MoreThe Psychology Behind Prejudice : Humans Attitude1089 Words   |  5 Pages The Psychology behind Prejudice: Humans’ Attitude Jacinda Knudtson Antelope Valley College Abstract Prejudice is an opinion in which is not based on any reasoning, and may cause harm. Prejudice can be seen just about anywhere, and it affects our daily lives. There are many different ways a person can show prejudice beliefs, but why do they believe things they have never experience? Some may say it’s something personal with one’s self that causes prejudice thoughts, or some may thinkRead MoreRacism And Racism Essay986 Words   |  4 PagesThere are significant differences and similarities between sexism and racism. Sexism occurs when a person’s gender or sex is used as the basis for discriminating. Females are more susceptible to sexism although males are also susceptible. Sexual harassment and rape are examples of extreme cases of sexism. Racism occurs when people of a particular race or ethnicity are discriminated against or made to feel inferior. The primary outcome of the paper after comparison is to determine most dehumanizingRead MoreEth 125 Work Sheet Es say example633 Words   |  3 Pagesresponse to each of the following questions. Provide citations for all the sources you use. †¢ What is discrimination? How is discrimination different from prejudice and stereotyping? †¢ What are the causes of discrimination? †¢ How is discrimination faced by one identity group (race, ethnicity, religious beliefs, gender, sexual orientation, age, or disability) the same as discrimination faced by another? How are they different? What is discrimination? The Google dictionaryRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Stratification On Minorities1195 Words   |  5 Pageson minorities due to inequality†¨Introduction †¨During the course of this class I have learned about social problems within the society in which we live and around the world. It is disturbing to learn that poverty, social inequality, race and cultural discrimination, gender stratification, environmental damage, population growth, and urbanization are among the social problems and controversial issues that still exist in the United States. What is Social Stratification Social stratification is definedRead MoreRacial And Ethnic Tensions That Can Affect Our Society1392 Words   |  6 PagesGood Evening Nortcentral High, Have you ever wondered why we discriminate or stereotype other individuals of a particular race, gender, age, or ethnicity? Because we live in world that is rapidly growing and becoming more diverse than ever, it is critical that we gain the knowledge and understanding of other cultures values, worldviews, and way of communication. In this lecture, we will address the racial and ethnic tensions that exist in our school. In addition, there will be a short play demonstrating

System Analysis Of My Health Record Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the System Analysis Of My Health Record. Answer: Introduction The project My Health Record system has been undertaken by the Commonwealth Government of Australia with an aim of improving the quality of patient care. This new system is expected to reduce several issues, which includes unavailability of the important information associated with a patients health. This project will provide a much needed reformation in the existing system will also address the escalating costs of the health care (Pearce Bainbridge, 2014). The vision document that is to be prepared for the project outlines the problems, capabilities and the benefits of the project. Problems The major problem with the existing system is that it becomes very difficult for the physicians to track the health summary of a patient as it is a time consuming task to go through each and every manual documents in order to have a detailed understanding of the patients health. With the increasing use of technology and innovation in everydays work, it becomes essential to innovate the process of providing medical services to the patient. Furthermore, it becomes very much difficult for the people in rural areas to receive proper medical treatment. This new system is expected to revolutionize the process of providing medication to the patients (Thilakanathan et al., 2014). The health summary option will be a great help to the physicians to understand the health condition of the patient. Another major problem associated with the manual record keeping is its maintenance. It is problematic for the hospital authorities to manually record and keep the data of every patient. It increases th e risk of data inconsistency. Manually stored data is not as efficient as the electronic record, which is easier to access. The project is expected to provide a much needed reform in the traditional ways of providing medical services to the clients. Capabilities The new health care system My Health Record system that is to be developed is capable of revolutionizing the ways of doing business. The system will be capable of providing a digital summary of the health information of a particular person so that it becomes easier for the physicians to provide required medication services to the patients (Koh, et al., 2013). The system although deals with the storage of health information of patients over internet, it is completely secure as the confidential information of the patient will be secured by proper authorization. The information will be accessed by the person whom the patient gives access to the health information. The system will be developed with the highest level of security so that the patients can trust the system with their sensitive and confidential health information. The patients record will be stored over cloud and therefore, it is not required for the patients to maintain complex hardware. The health record system can be acces sed by different digital devices such as mobile, tablets, PCs and notebooks (Charles, Gabriel Furukawa, 2013). The system will provide 24*7 connectivity to the health records and the associated medication services. With a user-friendly interface, it is expected that the system will be adopted by many patients. It will further be beneficial to the patient of rural areas who are not able to receive proper medication services due to geographical distance. Therefore, it can be said that the system is capable of revolutionizing the way of providing medical services to the patients (DesRoches et al., 2013). Benefits The benefits of implementing the My Health Record system are as follows- My Health Record system will provide a better access to the health care information to the patients and the physicians. This is possible as the healthcare information of the patients is available at one place and is accessible online. The new system will no doubt provide a better security and will improve the safety in storing the health information online over manual record keeping (Bowman, 2013). It is more convenient to use a digital health record system as the patient of the physician do not need to memorise the health history such as medicinal history, details of chronic condition and recent tests. It will provide the much needed privacy by safeguarding the information by proper authentication control and encryption. Conclusion After analysing the problems capabilities and the benefits of the My Health Record system, it can be concluded that it is essential to implement the system in order to improve the quality of providing services to the patients and in reducing the rate of hospital admission. This system is safe and secure to be implemented and therefore the project should be initiated as soon as possible. References Bowman, S. (2013). Impact of electronic health record systems on information integrity: quality and safety implications.Perspectives in Health Information Management,10(Fall). Charles, D., Gabriel, M., Furukawa, M. F. (2013). Adoption of electronic health record systems among US non-federal acute care hospitals: 2008-2012.ONC data brief,9, 1-9. DesRoches, C. M., Charles, D., Furukawa, M. F., Joshi, M. S., Kralovec, P., Mostashari, F., ... Jha, A. K. (2013). Adoption of electronic health records grows rapidly, but fewer than half of US hospitals had at least a basic system in 2012.Health Affairs,32(8), 1478-1485. Koh, H. K., Brach, C., Harris, L. M., Parchman, M. L. (2013). A proposed health literate care modelwould constitute a systems approach to improving patients engagement in care.Health Affairs,32(2), 357-367. Pearce, C., Bainbridge, M. (2014). A personally controlled electronic health record for Australia.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association,21(4), 707-713. Thilakanathan, D., Chen, S., Nepal, S., Calvo, R., Alem, L. (2014). A platform for secure monitoring and sharing of generic health data in the Cloud.Future Generation Computer Systems,35, 102-113.

Salaam Bombay Essays (1114 words) - Indian Films, Films,

Salaam Bombay Salaam Bombay! Moiz Bhinderwala Westford, MA Title: Salaam Bombay! Director: Mira Nair Give a brief description of the main characters: The main characters in this movie are Krishna, his friend Chillum, a prostitute with her small daughter, a pimp, street-kids and a 16-yr old girl. Krishna: Krishna is a twelve year old boy, who is in search for a job so that he can earn enough money to pay his mother in order to return to his family. He is left behind by a travelling circus where he works. Left with no other option Krishna decides to head to a big city in search for a job. He heads to Bombay, a big metropolitan city in India. He finds a job at a tea-shop as a tea-delivery boy. Apparently this tea-shop is located near a prostitution area of the city, which Krishna has to frequent to deliver the tea. There he comes across various people, such as a prostitute who has a small daughter, a 16-yr old girl who has been forcefully dragged into this profession, and these people then slowly become a part of his life in the city. Krishna's experiences in the city, his ability to withstand the tough life in the city, his generosity towards his friend, the conflicts that take place, all create interesting ?bends? in this movie. The plight of abandoned street children in Bomb ay is examined through the life of Krishna works hard to overcome his conditions only to find there is no way out! Chillum: Chillum like Krishna had ran away from his home in the village at a very young age and came to Bombay. Chillum is a drug addict and works for a pimp in the prostitution area. Chillum and Krishna slowly develop a close-knit friendship as both can identify with each other's lives. When Chillum loses his job, and can't any more, becomes dependent on Krishna for expenses on drugs. He dies soon of drug abuse. In a way, through Chillum this movie portrays how drugs have affected life of the poor street-kids of Bombay, how they are mistreated and abused by people who take advantage of them because of their vulnerability. The prostitute with her daughter: This is yet another result of human desire that plagues human society- prostitution. As sad as it is, prostitution in cities like Bombay is a big business. Most girls who become prostitutes, don't do so by choice, they are forced into it. Most of these girls are from small towns and villages, who are brought to cities with big promises and then dumped into such areas. The story of the prostitute in the movie is no different. The word prostitute doesn't seem apt for this lady, who shows such compassion and love. It is a very sad situation that she is in, like many other prostitutes in cities like Bombay. Through her daughter the movie portrays the life of many such kids, who are abused and neglected by a parent, in her case, Baba. Her mother however is very loving and cares for her, she doesn't want her daughter to end up in the same profession as her. She is the world to her mother. Baba (the pimp): The pimp who calls himself Baba (respected master) is a dark character in this movie. He is the father of the prostitute's daughter. He apparently is also a drug dealer who employs people like Chillum to distribute drugs around the city. He lives off the money that the prostitute earns. He had promised her that he will someday free her from this profession, but that was just a promise that he never lives up to. Street-Kids: The street-kids portrayed in the movie, although are seemingly very mean and nasty, they are a victim of the vicious circle of poverty that exists in big cities like Bombay. many such kids run away from their homes in small towns and villages in search of a better life or jobs and the attraction of cities like Bombay, which is a center of the Indian film-industry leads them there. This vicious circle makes them do crimes like robbery, gambling and drug abuse. Source of Conflict: Salaam Bombay! is the story of Krishna, a 12-year old

Diversity in an organization

Diversity in an organization Diversity is being considered as a dream for capitalist. This is because they are not fully aware of the best and appropriate time to implement the program in business. Many still wonder if it will be appropriate to implement it today or in future. However, Diversity Program leaders should first comprehend their evolutionary practice to be able to obtain success.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Diversity in an organization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They should also understand that there is no limit in attaining diversity due to dynamic changes in communication, mobility and diversity itself (Cramer 1). Nevertheless, the most advantageous time to implement diversity in the organization is now. This is because organizational effectiveness will be at risk if the managers do not possess efficient diversity management skills. Diversity is the greatest asset in an organization; it should be acquired and cultivated b efore it is applied. There are numerous advantages and disadvantages of implementing diversity program in business. For example, leaders who possess excellent knowledge in managing large group of employees are capable of promoting productivity, stimulating employee morale and are able to avail and access new sectors in the marketplace. Some of the problems that diverse organizations face include communication issues, racism and discrimination. This paper summarizes the key business arguments for and against diversity as illustrated in the two articles. Increase in revenue is one of the major advantages of diversity in business. This is because diversity in business promotes innovation and creativity which results in increased revenue. Organizations that have diverse workforce have a great experience in solving issues and problems. They also have ease in implementing decisions since the entire workforce contribute in the decision making process creating understanding and corporation when it comes to work. Those companies that have committed themselves in using Diversity Programs experience strategic advantage (Cramer 1).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Such organizations are able to understand and respond to cultural consequences experienced when the organization sets its strategies and also during sales process. According to the report of a study conducted by researchers, high productivity will be the result obtained for accurately administering and training diverse organizational employees. The report also indicated that diverse teams record higher productivity. Workers can learn and benefit from each other in a diverse environment. This will enhance effectiveness, creativity, improvement and increase performance among the workers. One of the disadvantages of diverse organization is high turnover where you find that the turnover for one grou p of consumers is higher than the other. For instance, a car dealer in Japan is likely to get that a huge number of his customers are mainly women who are not citizens of Japan. Chinese people make a quarter of the world’s population and this means that consumer-goods industry is flooded with Chinese people (Hubbard 1). Therefore the organization will miss many market opportunities of reaching potentially profitable consumers. Many cases of discrimination, racism and biasness will crop up when an organization has one line of target group. The organization will only be focused on the target group while ignoring others. If diversity is not effectively used in an organization, it can bring serious problems that will generally led to lower production from the workforce. In conclusion, diversity is the greatest asset in an organization; it should therefore be acquired and cultivated before it is applied. The time to implement diversity in organizations is now. Corporations should therefore take the initiative of acquiring and cultivation their Diversity Programs for them to achieve effectiveness. Corporate leaders should redefine their own diverse efforts to obtain maturity and success in the long run. They should however be fully aware of advantages and disadvantages of Diversity Programs and look for a way of dealing with its shortcomings.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Diversity in an organization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Cramer, Vincent. Diversity: A Capitalist’s Dream. Boston: Convergence Media, Inc, 2003. Hubbard, Edward. The Business Case for Diversity. California: Hubbard Hubbard Inc, 2009.

Production and Sale of Cigarettes Should Be Made Illegal

Production and Sale of Cigarettes Should Be Made Illegal Criminalize Cigarette Smoking Now! It used to be that everyone smoked. Seriously, 50 years ago, Americans (and those in many other countries around the world) smoked cigarettes like the world was ending. It was what people did; instead of killing time by playing on their iPhones, people used to light up. Rarely, then, would you see a group of people at a table without a cloud of smoke hovering over the table. Well, things have changed quite a bit in the last half-century; the use of cigarettes is less ubiquitous. Things have changed for the better, the healthier, that’s for sure. Today, one could argue that the production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal, and with good reason. One reason to criminalize the production, sale and consumption of cigarettes is due to the fact that smoking tobacco has no medical value whatsoever. Research and science says its use is a major cause of cancer and other problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, emphysema, chronic bronchitis and others. Some people, on the contrary, smoke their entire lives without so much as a bad cough – but they are in the minority. Moderate alcohol consumption, rather, has been shown to thin blood, lower the heart rate and relax people. Tobacco does the complete opposite. The consumption and production and sale of tobacco should be made illegal because it’s quite unhealthy – more than that, it’s kills millions of people around the world each year. Secondly, tobacco is very addictive. Its main chemical is nicotine, a toxic colorless or yellowish, oily liquid, the chief active constituent of tobacco. It acts as a stimulant in small doses, but in larger amounts, it blocks the action of autonomic nerve and skeletal muscle cells. It’s so addictive that seasoned smokers can’t often go but just a few hours without a smoke and withdrawal symptoms are quite intense, though not as harsh as alcohol and opiates. If something is so addictive that people can’t go long without it and so addictive that people struggle for a lifetime trying to quit, then something so detrimental to one’s health should be made illegal, and not just illegal in a small sense: Repercussion for its use, possession, production and sale should result in dire penalties like extreme fines, jail time and criminal proceedings. Lastly, cigarette smokers often begin smoking in their adolescent years, when they’re caving in to peer pressure and a desire for popularity. They see the â€Å"cool kids† doing it, actors in films and TV shows smoking cigarettes – and they see people in everyday life doing it, too, mostly at public places, like benches, parks, outside of restaurants – all over their community. And so they think it is okay, like having a few drinks like adults do. But moderate alcohol consumption in adults has not been proven to affect one’s health negatively. Nonetheless, teens are impressionable and can’t make the best decisions on their own; that’s why they can’t vote or own a gun. They would be just too immature to consider their future and its negative consequences. Teens just don’t think about these things. Well, if the production and sale of cigarettes were to be made illegal, fewer teens would be seeking cigarettes, and less peopl e would begin smoking this addictive, unhealthy substance in the first place. They would not see it, so they would not want it. It’s something we don’t need, and this notion pertains especially to adolescents, who aren’t ready to think about their long-term health, their futures as grandparents, fathers and spouses. To conclude this argument, that the production and sale (and maybe even its possession and usage) of cigarettes be made illegal, it’s important to consider the facts: Tobacco is very unhealthy – it kills people; nicotine is heavily addictive, and young people want to do it. So, of course, fewer people are smoking today. But we’re forgetting one very important fact about smoking: how disgusting it is. Have you ever smoked? It’s pretty gross. The smoke smells like last night’s dinner burning to a black crisp on the kitchen stove, mixed with a long-decomposing corpse. On top of that, it turns your teeth, tongue and smoking fingertips the nasty, yellowish color of the nicotine. Even worse – a smoker’s clothes and hair always have the foul odor of stale cigarettes. These are just a few more reasons explaining why the production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal in America.

Nobel memorial prize for economics 2009 elinor ostom Research Paper

Nobel memorial prize for economics 2009 elinor ostom - Research Paper Example In the context of the current global economic crisis that has been brought about due to a paradigm that celebrates unlimited growth and rampant misuse of the world’s resources, Ostrom’s work takes on a significance that goes beyond theory and if applied to the real world of ecosystems and how we can manage with the resources that have been bequeathed to us by nature, her work is indeed laudatory. Ostrom’s work is especially relevant when one considers the fact that our planet is in the throes of an ecological crisis due to climate change arising out of burning fossil fuels and that we as a species have used up most of the finite resources like oil, minerals etc. Hence, Ostrom’s pioneering work in the field of managing common pool resources can be said to be especially relevant for the times that we live in. To quote from a website that analyzed her work in the area of self governance and usage of common pool resources, â€Å"In general there are two main governance structures that are widely accepted in the literature; market or government oriented solutions. The eminent free-rider problem thwart social optimality when individuals do not coordinate their actions and cooperation cannot be accomplished internally. Ostrom argues against both of the external mechanisms and, through her extensive fieldwork, shows that self-governance is possible where communities develop their ruling systems to manage common pool resources. Her findings clearly indicate that rules imposed or dictated have little legitimacy and would be violated. On the contrary, when there is consensus on the governing principles or internal enforcement apparatuses people tend to obey them. This presentation aims to delve into more details of her criticisms of standard economic governance theories. Then, her contributions to collective decision making and her

Organizations are nothing but large-sized groups. Their fundamental Essay

Organizations are nothing but large-sized groups. Their fundamental dynamics are essentially the same. Discuss - Essay Example That is, when humans join together, there will be ‘accumulation’ of more minds, hands, output, etc, etc, leading to better completion of tasks. Large groups, irrespective of their domain, will have to work as a team with positive dynamics to achieve their targets. Even if there is dissension from few members or even from a single member of those groups, the activity of that large group may be impeded and will result in failure. Although, all the important processes of large groups or organizations starts and ends with the leader or the management team, the employees will be the crucial cog, who has to optimally work as part of â€Å"work teams†. In any organized human activity including that of large groups, the successful work teams with positive team dynamics can be successfully set or established, if the head successfully involves the humans as part of the decision making process. The large groups have to be guided and supervised by leader or leaders. The evolu tion of leaders could be visible in the childhood itself. In the childhood, he/she will have company of tiny tots of his/her age and all of them as part of large groups or small groups will involve themselves in the group activities, in their school or in their neighborhood. These activities could be in the form of physical as well as mental, and most of the activities will demand a team, which could be even a two-person team. While involving themselves in the team activities, some one from the group will try to guide and dominate the other ones. This is the natural process and everyone’s childhood will be replete with situations like this. Although, a child with a good physical stature and ability to communicate at any moment will try to become a leader, in course of time, any organized activity will need a leader who can productively involve the other members as well, thereby motivating them. To make them more integrated towards their targets, the leaders can productively i nvolve them. The same can be replicated in business organizations as well. That is, the leader or the management team of a business organization can put their thoughts, strategies and also the organizational goals for discussion among the other workers. This way the workers as a form of work teams can be involved productively, with dynamics aiding the process. The workers can input their gained knowledge and experience in the decision making process, and will come up with optimal and path breaking suggestions and ideas. So, involving and making co-workers to play a part as work teams will yield optimum results, as it will optimize the performance of the employees. That is, if the employees are given important responsibilities, they will optimize their mental and physical abilities to complete the given work successfully. As it is a matter of proving oneself among the group of fellow workers, the employees will come up with feasible and effective suggestions, ideas, etc in-group and thereby will incorporate team dynamics, to help the organizations function effectively. This was further supported by Fineman & Gabriel (1996), who state that sound delegation will ensure better productivity from the employees as they will work with clear goals. However, the aspect that should be taken care is, even though the workers can be optimally involved as work teams with dynamics,

ObamaCare is Driving a Wedge Between the Socio-Economic Classes Essay Example for Free

ObamaCare is Driving a Wedge Between the Socio-Economic Classes Essay The Affordable Care Act is amplifying the difference between socio-economic classes because the ACA encourages employers to cut employee hours. The mainstream of college students hold jobs while studying so that they can pay rent and phone bills, and occasionally go to the movies or out to dinner. We get the money for these bills and happenings through bi-weekly paychecks. We work hard, usually for forty to fifty hours a week, and are compensated near minimum wage. Although miniscule, it is still enough to cover the daily expenses in our lives and to have a bit left over for extraneous items, however if hours are lost then this will not be the case for us students. Big businesses for example, are often the ones who disburse paychecks to people attending college. They offer entry-level jobs that are easy to come by, are constantly expanding, and have a high turnover rate. Large corporations, such as Regal Entertainment Group, Five Guys Burgers, and Petco, are cutting employee’s hours down to less than thirty a week. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) supports employers to provide health insurance to employees working full-time (thirty-plus hours weekly). By cutting the  hours, people are no longer are entitled to health insurance provided by the employer. The lower class of the U.S. economy consists of a demographic of people whose hours are being cut. A continuing decline of hours will only result in more financial burdens on the employees. Losing eleven hours could mean an individual who manages paying for groceries as well as car insurance with the same paycheck may have to start choosing between the two when receiving future checks. In addition to cutting hours, many employers are limiting hiring to avoid spending more money on health coverage. Robert Samuelson supports the idea that the ACA’s costs and complexities are going to deter some companies from hiring, and that it would be divisive to the socio-economic classes. In â€Å"Both Sides May Lose the battle over Obamacare† from October 25’s Register-Guard, Samuelson states that as a result of employers not being able to afford health care for all employ ees, hours must be cut. A business only has reduce hours to under thirty a week in order to avoid paying health care. Once this cut is made, a previously full-time employee is taking home 100-200 dollars less each paycheck. This unfortunate trend will continue and even increase: 15% of larger employers and 20% of small businesses plan to reduce employees’ hours or benefits according to a recent survey by the International Foundation of Employee Benefit Plans. Small businesses play an important role in the U.S. economy and are a strong driver of job growth and innovation. But small business are severely disadvantaged by the current U.S. health care system relative their larger counterparts. A new report by the Council of Economic Advisors (CEA) examines the challenges faced by smaller firms under the current health care system, and the likely impacts of health care reform on small business and the workers they employ. This implicit tax disadvantages small firms in both the market for the best workers and the market for their products. For example, both Trader Joe’s and Home Depot have stopped providing health care to part-time employees, and Forever 21 plans to cut hours and reclassify some employees as part-time. In fact, businesses all over the country, compelled by the financial strain introduced by the ACA, are making similar decisions. Once the ACA goes into effect, even more businesses will be forced by the financial reality o f the Act to reduce employee hours. As the wage earning potential of part-time employees falls, we can expect more extreme changes to the economy. Among these changes, businesses are now expecting employees to find and fund their own health care. This is nearly impossible when many workers are already living below the poverty line. Irrespective of how small the premiums will be, it will still over-burden many employees. There will be times ahead when many Americans are going to have to choose between paying for their health insurance and paying a monthly bill; disturbing when you consider the children and people with disabilities. Even after these employment cuts, the White House claims that the number of part-time employees that are looking for full-time work remained the same during the month of September at 7.9 million employees. Jason Furman, chairman of the White House Council of Economic Advises said, We are not seeing any effect in the data. With this data being manipulated, it would appear that all of the employees that have been reassigned as part-time workers are okay with it. This is not the case; businesses have unt il 2015 to cut hours and avoid paying for employee healthcare. The number of part-time workers looking for full-time work will steadily increase over the next twenty-four months; the statistics need to be revisited when people are more aware of cuts that businesses are enforcing. People who fall below the poverty line will pay less for health care compared to those who are in the middle class. Based on individual/family income, people may be eligible for tax credit subsidies through state-ran exchanges. Based on household income, people are placed in different subsidy brackets. Even with the tax credits, people have no choice but to take home less money and to pay out of pocket for health insurance that they previously did not want. Many businesses have claimed they are not cutting hours, but instead are holding off on hiring because of costs caused by the ACA mandates. Employers who postpone hiring are still damaging to the economy. In fact, postponing hiring can do just as much damage, if not more to the economy than cutting hours. People would much rather have fewer hours at a job, than no job at all. In turn, this also increases the unemployment rate, thus driving the wedge between social classes even deeper. Any employer that cuts hours to avoid paying h ealth insurance will create a bigger difference between the socio-economic classes. By taking away hours that an employee is able to work at a business, the employee has no choice but to take home less money in their paychecks. Earning less money reflects  directly on their socio-economic class, setting them farther apart from the wealthier individuals on the scale. Without resolution, cuts in full-time employment will increase the gap between socio-economic classes. It is making the poor even poorer, and separating the less wealthy from the rich even more then they already are. The economy is going to fall into a slump, people will not be able to pay car payments, nor provide adequate food for their families. What is going to happen to our country, the country that is based on the forty-hour workweek, if corporate business does not cease their greedy actions? Our only option is to wait and see what happens. Works Cited Conover, Chris. Who Can Deny It? Obamacare Is Accelerating U.S. Towards A Part-Time Nation. Forbes. Forbes Magazine, 31 July 2013. Web. 29 Oct. 2013. economic effects of health care on small business. executive office of the president council of economic adviers (2009): 18. health reform . summary of the affordable care act (2013): 13. McVeigh, Karen. US Employers Slashing Worker Hours to Avoid Obamacare Insurance Mandate. The Guardian. The Guardian, 30 Sept. 2013. Web. 28 Oct. 2013. Myers, Lisa, and Hannah Rappleye. Obama Admin. Knew Millions Could Not Keep Their Health Insurance. NBC News. NBC, 28 Oct 2013. Web. 29 Oct. 2013. Nicks, Denver. Trader Joes Explains Why Its Cutting Health Benefits For Part Timers. Swampland.Time.com. Time Magazine, 17 Sept. 2013. Web. 28 Oct. 2013.

recovery :: essays research papers

Disaster Recovery for Linux There is no bootable Linux system on HDD in a disaster situation; therefore it is always a good idea to backup the bootable Linux system on removable media for example on floppy disks. For example if the hard disk fails, or if an important file is accidentally deleted. No matter what the cause is some recovery procedures will be needed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first step to recover from a disaster is to make a custom boot disk. It is not sufficient to just copy the standard boot disk image from the Linux cd rom because it will not necessarily have all the Kernal support configured. First log into the root shell session by using the cd / command and inserting a floppy disk. Then examine the /etc/lilo.conf to find the Kernal identity and use the mkbootdisk command and device /dev/fd0 with the string, example 2.2.5-15, found in the /etc/lilo.conf. The uname –a command can be used to display the Kernal version. After the successful completion of that step eject the disk and write protect it. Another way to recover from a disaster is to make a rescue disk. The rescue disk is taken from the image in the linux cdrom. It is not like the custom bootdisk where an examination of the /etc/lilo.conf is done. What makes the boot disk created for the system valuable is that it contains the special drivers, such as SCSI drivers, that may be required to boot the system. Another alternative to recover from a disaster is to create a Tom’s Root Boot Diskette. The tomsrtbt distribution may be done on the internet: A complete Linux system on a single diskette. To create the diskette set the browser to http://www.toms.net/rb/ and download the latest version. To prepare the emergency boot disk, place the zipped tar file into a directory such as /usr/local/src and follow the install procedures. The tar file is a versatile archiving utility that is not limited to strictly tape backup. TAR files can be stored locally as files, and sent over nertworks as a method of back up. recovery :: essays research papers Disaster Recovery for Linux There is no bootable Linux system on HDD in a disaster situation; therefore it is always a good idea to backup the bootable Linux system on removable media for example on floppy disks. For example if the hard disk fails, or if an important file is accidentally deleted. No matter what the cause is some recovery procedures will be needed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first step to recover from a disaster is to make a custom boot disk. It is not sufficient to just copy the standard boot disk image from the Linux cd rom because it will not necessarily have all the Kernal support configured. First log into the root shell session by using the cd / command and inserting a floppy disk. Then examine the /etc/lilo.conf to find the Kernal identity and use the mkbootdisk command and device /dev/fd0 with the string, example 2.2.5-15, found in the /etc/lilo.conf. The uname –a command can be used to display the Kernal version. After the successful completion of that step eject the disk and write protect it. Another way to recover from a disaster is to make a rescue disk. The rescue disk is taken from the image in the linux cdrom. It is not like the custom bootdisk where an examination of the /etc/lilo.conf is done. What makes the boot disk created for the system valuable is that it contains the special drivers, such as SCSI drivers, that may be required to boot the system. Another alternative to recover from a disaster is to create a Tom’s Root Boot Diskette. The tomsrtbt distribution may be done on the internet: A complete Linux system on a single diskette. To create the diskette set the browser to http://www.toms.net/rb/ and download the latest version. To prepare the emergency boot disk, place the zipped tar file into a directory such as /usr/local/src and follow the install procedures. The tar file is a versatile archiving utility that is not limited to strictly tape backup. TAR files can be stored locally as files, and sent over nertworks as a method of back up.

Cild psycology

According to social learning theorists what Is the major way In which moral behaviors are learnt. Social learning theory posits that learning Is a cognitive process that takes place in a social context and can occur purely through observation or direct instruction,even in the absence of motor reproduction or direct reinforcement and on addition to the observation of behavior is governed solely by reinforcements by placing emphasis on the important roles of various internal processes In the learning individual. Q)according to psychoanalytic theory what Is the critical event in the development of morality. He summonsing of the doodles complex the child will have to realize that Insets(love for the opposite sex parent)l's forbidden and that is just the beginning now the child will also have to internals parental authority. Q)stealing-for a creditable motive-for selfish gain lying-an obvious exaggeration that no-one would be deceived by-intentional and convincing lie that does deceive an adult. Lying-an honest mistake whose uniqueness unfavorable affect an adult-a deliberate lie which, by chances does not cause any real Inconvenience.Q)place each of the 6 statements a-f under appropriate heading of heterogamous morality and autonomous morality. Heterogamous morality *lies to adults were worse than lies to children. *took little notice of intention. *made little differentiation between lies to adults and lies to peers. Autonomous morality *took Intention into account. *lying is wrong in itself. *lies are wrong because you get punished for them. Q)LA-pre-moral or presentational morality -childrearing rules to avoid punishment and conform to obtain rewards and favors returned and children follow rules when it is In their best interest.Q-conventional morality-children conform to avoid disapproval and dislike by others they also have respect for authority and a desire to avoid disapproval,the children value trust, loyalty,respect and gratitude. B-post-conventional-child ren conform to democratically accept the law and also to avoid self-condemnation,they are aware that there are different views ND values and are relative,when there are differences between law and conscience,conscience over rules in the final stage shows the development of the individual conscience.Q)we have Just started that Gallagher stages are in invariant order, what does this mean. Goldberg was Interested In how morality develop,that is at what age and in what order to children develop their understanding of right and wrong. Gallery argued that while different moral concepts appeared in different ages in different children,the order in which these concepts appeared was always the name across children,so every child who understood stage 2, moral principals had to first pass through stage 1 moral principals. His idea that moral concepts appeared In the same sequence In different children-l's the Idea of Invariant order that Is,the sequence, children always go stage 1 to 2 to stag e 3 and so forth,they do not skip stages or move through them in mixed up orders,not all children necessarily reach the highest stage,they might lack intellectual stimulation,but to the extent they do go through the stages,they proceed in order.

Continuity and Chang Over Time Essay: Trans Saharan Trade

In the time period between 300 B. C. E. and 1100 C. E. trade flourished across the arid Sahara desert. The system was so successful that trading centers established during that time remain major Saharan cities today. This Trans-Saharan trade system underwent changes that included design developments in the camel saddle and increased trade with India, while at the same time the inhabitants of the area remained a polytheistic people ruled by regional kingdoms.Latin texts indicate that the camel was introduced to Africa from Arabia around 46 B. C. E. The original camel saddle was designed for carrying cargo. Around 200 C.  E. , the trade saddle was greatly modified placing the rider in front of the hump in a lower position that provided the ability to maneuver the animal and wield a sword or spear effectively at the same time. This gave the northern Arabs an enormous advantage that allowed them to take control of caravan trade. Highly valued products such as spices from India and pott ery obtained from China became available for Trans-Saharan trade through maritime deliveries across the Indian Ocean to coastal ports. Gold, salt, slaves, and other goods flowed northward, dramatically increasing the volume of the vast trade system.This tied Saharan Africa to the thriving Indian empire and allowed for more extensive international trade. It was a mutually beneficial relationship for the two powers. Although the Trans-Saharan trade caused the change discussed above, other aspects of sub-Saharan culture became so stable over the centuries that the area was isolated from the rest of the world that exposure to other peoples did not alter them. For example, the inhabitants of the Sahara continuously maintained their polytheistic religions as well as their regional kingdoms.The Saharan people remained a place of scattered kingdoms that each had their own polytheistic religion. This is because all the kingdoms were isolated from each other and from the other empires by vast desert or vast oceans. The only link between these kingdoms were the trading cities which were actually a barrier to cultural diffusion. This is because if a merchant wanted the goods of a different kingdom, he only needed to go to the trading center and didn’t have to trek into the desert all the way to the other kingdom center.This inhibited the merchant from experiencing the culture or religion of the kingdoms. In conclusion, the Trans-Saharan Trade system led to advancements in the design and function of camel saddles and transformed combat; this long distance trade also caused the growth of the prospering Indian Maritime trading system. Although these changes were profound, the Saharan residents remained a polytheistic people governed by small regional kingdoms because the long distance trade did not reach into every corner of the Saharan land, but only into the large trading centers. .

75 Contronyms (Words with Contradictory Meanings)

75 Contronyms (Words with Contradictory Meanings) 75 Contronyms (Words with Contradictory Meanings) 75 Contronyms (Words with Contradictory Meanings) By Mark Nichol The English language includes an interesting category of words and phrases called contronyms (also spelled contranyms, or referred to as autoantonyms) terms that, depending on context, can have opposite or contradictory meanings. When you use these words, be sure the context clearly identifies which meaning is intended: 1. Apology: A statement of contrition for an action, or a defense of one 2. Aught: All, or nothing 3. Bill: A payment, or an invoice for payment 4. Bolt: To secure, or to flee 5. Bound: Heading to a destination, or restrained from movement 6. Buckle: To connect, or to break or collapse 7. Cleave: To adhere, or to separate 8. Clip: To fasten, or detach 9. Consult: To offer advice, or to obtain it 10. Continue: To keep doing an action, or to suspend an action 11. Custom: A common practice, or a special treatment 12. Dike: A wall to prevent flooding, or a ditch 13. Discursive: Moving in an orderly fashion among topics, or proceeding aimlessly in a discussion 14. Dollop: A large amount (British English), or a small amount 15. Dust: To add fine particles, or to remove them 16. Enjoin: To impose, or to prohibit 17. Fast: Quick, or stuck or made stable 18. Fine: Excellent, or acceptable or good enough 19. Finished: Completed, or ended or destroyed 20. First degree: Most severe in the case of a murder charge, or least severe in reference to a burn 21. Fix: To repair, or to castrate 22. Flog: To promote persistently, or to criticize or beat 23. Garnish: To furnish, as with food preparation, or to take away, as with wages 24. Give out: To provide, or to stop because of a lack of supply 25. Go: To proceed or succeed, or to weaken or fail 26. Grade: A degree of slope, or a horizontal line or position 27. Handicap: An advantage provided to ensure equality, or a disadvantage that prevents equal achievement 28. Help: To assist, or to prevent or (in negative constructions) restrain 29. Hold up: To support, or to impede 30. Lease: To offer property for rent, or to hold such property 31. Left: Remained, or departed 32. Let: Allowed, or hindered 33. Liege: A feudal lord, or a vassal 34. Literally: Actually, or virtually 35. Mean: Average or stingy, or excellent 36. Model: An exemplar, or a copy 37. Off: Deactivated, or activated, as an alarm 38. Out: Visible, as with stars showing in the sky, or invisible, in reference to lights 39. Out of: Outside, or inside, as in working out of a specific office 40. Overlook: To supervise, or to neglect 41. Oversight: Monitoring, or failing to oversee 42. Peer: A person of the nobility, or an equal 43. Presently: Now, or soon 44. Put out: Extinguish, or generate 45. Puzzle: A problem, or to solve one 46. Quantum: Significantly large, or a minuscule part 47. Quiddity: Essence, or a trifling point of contention 48. Quite: Rather (as a qualifying modifier), or completely 49. Ravel: To entangle, or to disentangle 50. Refrain: To desist from doing something, or to repeat 51. Rent: To purchase use of something, or to sell use 52. Rock: An immobile mass of stone or figuratively similar phenomenon, or a shaking or unsettling movement or action 53. Sanction: To approve, or to boycott 54. Sanguine: Confidently cheerful, or bloodthirsty 55. Scan: To peruse, or to glance 56. Screen: To present, or to conceal 57. Seed: To sow seeds, or to shed or remove them 58. Shop: To patronize a business in order to purchase something, or to sell something 59. Skin: To cover, or to remove 60. Skinned: Covered with skin, or with the skin removed 61. Splice: To join, or to separate 62. Stakeholder: One who has a stake in an enterprise, or a bystander who holds the stake for those placing a bet 63. Strike: To hit, or to miss in an attempt to hit 64. Table: To propose (in British English), or to set aside 65. Temper: To soften, or to strengthen 66. Throw out: To dispose of, or to present for consideration 67. Transparent: Invisible, or obvious 68. Trim: To decorate, or to remove excess from 69. Trip: A journey, or a stumble 70. Unbending: Rigid, or relaxing 71. Variety: A particular type, or many types 72. Wear: To endure, or to deteriorate 73. Weather: To withstand, or to wear away 74. Wind up: To end, or to start up 75. With: Alongside, or against Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:"Based in" and "based out of"Ten Yiddish Expressions You Should Know20 Slang Terms for Law Enforcement Personnel

A Look at Kinesthetic Learners and Methods

A Look at Kinesthetic Learners and Methods A Look at Kinesthetic Learners: Kinesthetic learners typically learn best by doing. They are naturally good at physical activities like sports and dance. They enjoy learning through hands-on methods. They typically like how-to guides and action-adventure stories. They might pace while on the phone or take breaks from studying to get up and move around. Some may seem fidgety, having a hard time sitting still in class. Key Learning Methods: Kinesthetic learners learn best through doing including manipulating items, simulations and role plays, and other methods for presenting subject matter that physically involve them in the learning process. They enjoy and learn well from experimenting and first hand experience. Further, they learn best when activities are varied during a class period. Ways to Adapt Lessons: Vary instruction not only from day-to-day but also within a single class period. Provide students with as many opportunities as your curriculum warrants to complete hands-on work. Allow students to role-play to gain further understanding of key concepts. Provide students with the opportunity to work in small discussion groups as they study materials. If possible, plan a field trip that can help reinforce key concepts. Allow students to stretch partially through the class if they seem to become restless. Other Learning Styles: Visual Learners Auditory Learners

Condiment snack holder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Condiment snack holder - Essay Example A tab connected with the cup is attached to the sidewall of the food container. There is preferably a slit in the sidewall of the food server, and in the preferred embodiment there are preferably two slits in the sidewall, through which the tab on the condiment holder extends. In the preferred embodiment the condiment holder comprises a frame having an opening for receiving the cup, and the tab extends obliquely from the frame so that the cup is supported in a generally horizontal orientation. The holder is preferably made from a generally teardrop shaped blank, having a bulbous section with an opening therein forming the frame, and a tapering section forming the tab. The sections are separated by a score line along which the blank can be folded so that the tab extends obliquely from the frame section. The present invention provides in combination, a food container and a condiment container. The food container includes a front panel, a back panel attached to the front panel by at least one side panel and a bottom panel for defining an enclosure there between. A cut-out portion is provided in the at least one side panel and is attached to the front panel and to the back panel and extends into the enclosure. The condiment container includes a top end, a bottom end, and side walls sized for placement against a side panel of the food container. A clip structure is positioned at the top end for attaching and suspending the condiment container to the at least one side panel of the food container. The cut-out portion is sized and positioned for securing the condiment container near the bottom end in co-action with the clip structure. Inventors: Szczerbinski, Jeff P.; Application Number: 928111 Filing Date: 2001-08-10 Publication Date: 2002-05-14 International Classes: B65D 021/02 Field of Search: 229/400,902,904,906 220/23.4,23.83,482 206/541 Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONField of the Invention: The present invention relates generally to food and condiment containers. More specifically, the present invention is primarily intended as a combination of a stackable and nest able paperboard container with a cut-out portion and a clip-on condiment container sized for insertion through the cut-out portion in co-action with the clip-on attachment to the paperboard container. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a food and condiment container combination. According to the present invention a combination is provided and comprises a food container, a condiment container, and a clip structure. The food container includes a front panel, a back panel attached to the f

Some suggest that politics has become a minor form of show business Essay

Some suggest that politics has become a minor form of show business. Do you agree with this Consider the media-ization of politics in your answer - Essay Example The leader of present times is one who is in the eyes and minds of the commoners, no matter he does some good for the society or otherwise. (Schapiro, 1950) What people want from the politics of today is sensation, however deep down inside they want true democracy for their own betterment but then again everyone loves to gossip and politics is the favorite amongst the lot. (Arthur, 2005) The role of media-ization within the political realm is something that must be judged in the proper light to start with. The citizens of the state must be apprised of their due role within the country and then they must also be told about the different aspects related with the spreading of message through the right channels. Politics must make citizens stand up and act. They should take notice of what is happening around them and what the different regimes and movements are doing for their own betterment. This means that awareness and a sense of knowing needs to be the buzzword when we explore the true meaning of politics and media the same gives the whole discussion a real boost in the related scheme of things. Political media-ization aims to look at the positive sides of delivering quality to the end consumers, for whom the politics is being done. The society is the eventual recipient hence it is the duty of the society to find out what is happening around it. (Newhagen, 1999) The people are a part of this society and they are rightly the winners and/or losers at the end of the day. They must be made aware of the happenings around them when it comes to true political movements, activities, situations and the like. The usage of banners, websites, rallies, advertorials, email and text messages, web portals, newspapers, magazines and even television and radio suggest that political media-ization could be a real happening thing in the times much like today. (Kelley, 1973) What also is suggested

Advantages and Disadvantages of Various Communication Methods Research Paper

Advantages and Disadvantages of Various Communication Methods - Research Paper Example In a meeting, the manager or the supervisor gets the opportunity to communicate with the employees who also have the chance to discuss the issue. However, meetings are time consuming since they take much time as the ideas contributed are analyzed and a specific one settled upon. This provides one of the best ways of reducing company expenses through reduced travel expenses (Gilmore, 2012). However, this method may be challenging for the company at first because it takes significant resources to set up. If an employee is repetitively behaving in a way that is against the organization’s culture, then as the manager, I would use face to face communication since immediate reply from the specific employee is essential. In addition, as the manager, I would have to show the employee that the continuous irresponsibility would not be tolerated in the organization. Therefore, it would make a greater impact if I would address them directly. If I want to ensure that the employees are well aware of an existing company event, it would be effective if I would pass this information during the meetings. This is because all employees attend these meetings. In addition, this eliminates the expenses that would be incurred if other methods such as telephone were used. If one of my clients were considering signing up with a competitor, I would telephone call to deal with the case. This is because such issues are critical because they could expose the company’s competitive advantage compromising its ability to remain competitive in the market. Therefore, I would call the customer and request for a reason behind the change of mind so that I could help in improving the company and possibly retain the client. On the other hand, if I had several bids on a piece of equipment and needed a management decision on its purchase, I would result to using video conferencing to deal with the current case.

Inter Generational Theory Of Abuse Psychology Essay

Inter Generational Theory Of Abuse Psychology Essay The inter-generational theory of abuse is a widely accepted notion by professionals and lay people alike. This theory suggests that children exposed to physical, emotional or sexual abuse will subject their offspring to a one of these forms of maltreatment. However, the evidence that undermines this theory is too large to ignore. The evidence that supports this hypothesis refers to abused children becoming juvenile delinquents and the identification of the child with the abuser. Methodological problems, generalizability issues and low validity of the experiments conducted undermined the plausibility and truth in the hypothesis. Another strong factor is the protective factors and predisposition of abused children, who break the cycle of abuse which is more common than thought. In this essay I will discuss the evidence both for and against the hypothesis. Kaufman and Zigler (1987) found that the papers written on studies of inter-generational abuse assert validity without proper evidence because their primary sources of information are unreliable. These studies rely largely on case studies, agency records, clinical interviews, self-report questionnaires. An example of case studies was those mostly done with parents whose children were in hospital for non-accidental injuries (Kaufman Zigler, 1987). Most of these parents reported histories of abuse, but because there were methodological problems (such as limited control measures) the generalizability of the findings is not possible. Agency records also had many of the same limitations. The representative samples, comparison subjects and formal definitions of abuse differed. The omissions in agency records were rarely recorded. Clinical interviews are valuable for generating hypotheses about inter-generational theory but they lacked comparison groups and definitions were far from legal criteria (Kaufman Zigler, 1987). Self-report questionnaires lacked the exploration of the statistical relationships among determinants of abuse (Kaufman Zigler, 1987). Egeland Jacobvitzs observed that the history of abuse could not be separated from influence of poverty, stress and social isolation on parenting behavior. They also noted that the broader the definition is, the greater the apparent link becomes in the inter-generational hypothesis thus make the validity of the collected data low (Kaufman Zigler, 1987). According to Langeland and Dijkstra (1995) the variations of definitions of abuse cause considerable variation of the rates of transmission. They concur that due to bad methodologies making generalizations from the information is problematic. They also highlight the need to study both mothers and fathers (because they have clinical and theoretical relevance), which isnt always the case. Langeland and Dijkstra (1995) show how many studies only examine one child (e.g. Goodwin et al., 1981; Main Goldwyn, 1984; Altemeier et al., 1986; Egeland et al., 1988; Pianta et al., 1989; Burkett, 1991; Boyer Fine, 1992; Caliso Milner, 1992; Herzog et al. 1992; as cited in Langeland and Dijkstra; 1995) and suggest researchers need to look at wider family context (that is brothers, father, grandparents, aunts and cousins). Widom (1989) highlights that the methodological problems play a role in the misrepresentation and overestimation of the actual statistics related to the inter-generational theory. In Widoms review of the literature, she also emphasizes the over dependence on self-report, inadequate documenting of childhood abuse, and the infrequent use of control groups. According to Widom researchers should make a clearer distinction between abused and neglected children because the differences in consequences are significant the information collected overlaps and distorts the results. Widom thus suggests the need for better rating scales for studies, and the need for a greater methodological awareness and refinement. Protective Factors and Predispositions Kaufman and Zigler (1987) observed that some parents (with a history of abuse) became abusive parents whereas other did not. Hunter and Kilstrom (as cited in Kaufman Zigler, 1987) attributed this to the individuals having: extensive social support (e.g. therapy); fewer undecided feelings about being pregnant, they were openly angry about the abuse they endured, and their babies were healthier. Another study by Egeland and Jacobvitz (as cited in Kaufman Zigler, 1987) found mediating factors to be that one parent/foster parent was loving and caring towards the abused child, the abused had an emotionally supportive spouse, they also had fewer current stressful life events and they had a greater awareness of history of abuse and had come to terms with it. This study provides information on the interrelationships (etiology of abuse and other influences) of the many determinants of a parents behavior. Langeland and Dijkstra (1995) also found that many abused children manage to break the cycle of inter-generational abuse. They emphasize the factors that protect/buffer the transmission. Belsky (1980, as cited in Langeland and Dijkstra, 1995) says there are multiple factors at work that cause abuse such as: the individual (personality of parents); familial (the home/family environment e.g. marital relationship); community (formal informal social structures e.g. neighborhood and other family); cultural (societal expectations and attitudes). However, Belsky (1980, as cited in Langeland and Dijkstra) says the interaction of risk and protective factors are important because they effect likelihood of transmission of abuse between generations. Garbarino Gilliam (1980, as cited in Widom, 1989) reiterates that other life events or the predisposition of the child (e.g. natural abilities, physiological predispositions, and social supports) will protect them from the effects of abuse. Deliquency and Identification Kaufman and Zigler (1987) commented on the many other factors that contribute to abuse. Children may find themselves in similar social or relationship conditions (or have long lasting effects of child abuse) that led their parents to be abusive to them as children and cope in the same way. Quinton and Rutter (1988) reiterate that abuse occurs for many reasons namely: substantial social and environmental hardships and a constellation of psycho-social difficulties. It is noted that children may have the same or similar situations as their parents and cycle continues because of the same outside influences. They found that abuse can lead to: personality disorders, alcoholism, and criminality all of which are associated with abuse. Sir Keith Joseph (1972, as cited in Quinton and Rutter, 1988) said poor parenting is a central mechanism for encouraging inter-generational transmission of family problems (that is children learn from their parents). Men that were imprisoned for violence against children were found to have come from large families where abuse was common (Gibbens Walker, 1956; Scott, 1973, as cited in Quinton and Rutter, 1988) and women accused with child-battering were associated with unhappy, loveless and traumatic childhoods (Lukiarowitz, 1971 as cited in Quinton and Rutter, 1988). Quinton and Rutter (1988) noted that the vulnerabilities deriving from exposure to poor parenting can lead to them being abusive (e.g. depression is known to be associated with abuse). Widom (1989) emphasized that the immediate consequences of child abuse are physical injuries or emotional trauma but that the emotional and developmental scars may persist thus leading to the likelihood of inter-generational transmission of abuse. McCall Shields (1986, as cited in Widom, 1989) highlighted the context of violence in culture. Accordingly the approval of such behaviors legitimizes and reinforces the use of violence (Gil, 1973; Huggius Straus, 1980; Steinmetz, 1977; as cited in Widom, 1989) which in turn instigates the high degree of acceptance of violence in culture (R.A. Stark McEvoy, 1970 as cited in Widom, 1989). It is therefore not too difficult to deduce that learning to become violent through normal childrearing experiences might be transmitted from generation to generation (Goldstein, 1986; as cited in Widom, 1989). The social learning of a child and the witnessing/victims of physical and emotional aggression become a model for the child that violence is appropriate in the home (Bandua, 1973; Feshbach, 1980; as cited in Widom, 1989). Straus et al. (1980, as cited in Widom, 1989) suggest that each generation of abusive parents learns to be violent by being a participant in a violent home. Other evidence suggests that abuse leads to aggressive behavior, depression, withdrawal and self-punishing behavior all of which lead to abusive behavior which would suggest that the cycle of abuse can be and is transmitted. It is also suggested that abuse may lead to becoming an abusive parent, a delinquent, or a violent criminal (Widom, 1989). McCord (1983) did a study on abused, neglected, rejected, and loved boys. She found that 45% of the abused and neglected boys ended up being convicted for serious crimes, becoming alcoholics, suffering a mental illness, and/or died unusually young. Their parents were found to have been similar. Other researchers Rocklin and Lavetts (1987) research has demonstrated that identity formation (process by which a child incorporates aspects of a significant other) adds to inter-generational transmission. This is because they form these identifications as a coping mechanism rather than actual identity. However, the identification can persist and is often seen to be used later in life. Conclusion It is clear that being abused puts people at risk of being abusive towards their offspring but it is not the only factor and the path is not direct. There are many protective factors that buffer the adverse effects of abuse, which often breaks the cycle of abuse. The methodological limitations of most experiments (and lack of control measures) have lead to misleading representations of the statistics, and the inter-generational transmission of false facts (Widom, 1989). However the persistent acceptance of the inter-generational theory seems to have undermined many studies as well. The risk factors and society in which a child learns from seems to cause abuse and the transmission from generation to generation. In conclusion abuse is not necessarily transmitted from generation to generation, because there are many protective factors and the path is not direct. The past and present influence the likelihood of abused children becoming abusive parents, not just the possibility of the int er-generational abuse occurring.

Frankenstein-value for modern readers :: essays research papers

Frankenstein-value for modern readers Mary Shelley’s text, Frankenstein is a text, which is highly regarded in today’s society for its outstanding literary worth. However, the text as it was seen during the time of Shelley and its appearance and appeal today, most certainly differ. The most significant difference is that over a hundred years ago, the text was seen as a popular text, our modern day Simpsons, if you like. Conversely, today it appeals to the cannon of high culture. Its gradual change over time has been based on a number of deciding factors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Frankenstein’s immediate audience was that of a popular audience. Such an audience purely relied on a story, which would indulge them with exhilaration or apprehension. In the case of Frankenstein the audience was introduced to the horror thesis. The story told delved piquantly into the tragic ordeals of Victor as his fiend wreaked destruction and devastation to all those, who were close to Victor. This story line is symptomatic of a popular audience, as they craved a story, which would invigorate passion and tragedy. Vast arrays of appropriations have sprung from Shelley’s text, which influence as to why the text still remains today. The main source of today’s appropriations has been drawn directly from the figure of the monster itself. As, technology advanced and the idea of the stage was subjugated with the growing trend towards cinema, the figure of the original idea of the monster diminished. The figure slowly morphed into a hideous being, possessing green, stitched skin with bolts in the side of the head (lacking the original parallels to Adam). Unfortunately, the birth of cinema and its immediate success led to the demise of the philosophies and principles, which were initially at the crux of Shelley’s Frankenstein. A modern day appropriation of Frankenstein is The Rocky Horror Show, which draws directly from the creation of a monster, yet puts it in a satirical context, once again abating the traditional philosophies. The birth of the horror theme was partly due to She lley’s text and though the horror theme is carried through today, it differs greatly as society now expects a different form of horror. Shelley envisioned a strong sense of humanity in her novel. She encapsulated the quintessence of the period in which she lived by expressing ideologies, such as humanity’s relationship with God and the hypothesis of nature versus nurture. The relationship with God was vividly changed during the industrial era.

Betrayal in the city Essay

A critical analysis of the theme of betrayal in Francis Imbuga’s Betrayal in the City, Game of Silence and Man of Kafira This study examines the kind of influence postin dependence realities have had on Imbuga as a playwright. More specifically it is an exploration of some aspects of Imbuga’s dramatic transmission of these realities. A critical analysis of the dominant theme of betrayal, in Betrayal in the City, Game of Silence and Man of Kafira helps illuminate the realities. The guiding assumption is that drama in Africa carries a political dimension and is therefore socially committed. Drama may thus be read as a barometer of social change and progress. Imbuga’s drama artistically presents topical socio-political issues through dramatic exploration of the theme of betrayal and in the process reveals the playwright’s perception of society. The analysis starts off with a survey of the historical background of the three selected plays. This way we arrive at the origins of the theme of betrayal. The physical setting is Africa where the goings-on include the strangling of nascent democracy and the attendant oppression of the common people by the ruling elite. As Betrayal in the City demonstrates, the consequence of this state of affairs is a popular desire for change. Game of Silence is a dramatic critique of the culture of silence in which the playwright seems to advocate popular reaction against autocratic and anti-life forces. As Imbuga’s ideological stance as a writer becomes clearer in this play, we advance into Man of Kafira and its dominant theme of power crisis and the related positions of the former head of state. In the final analysis, we have read and understood society through Imbuga’s drama.

English Presentation Tourism Italy Essay

Good morning to Madam Teh and fellow classmates. Today, we would like to promote an affordable rate tourism package to Italy. We have made a research on The Most Popular Countries among Malaysians and we had Italy as the rank number one. So, that is why we decided to fulfill the people’s hunger to visit Italy and offer a low rate for the tourism package. The reason for people to pick Italy as their favorite country is mostly because of the sceneries. Italy, as we know has the most beautiful historic sceneries such as the churches, museums, historic sites and operas. If you think that Paris and Italy are almost the same, well, you are wrong about that one. Italy still has its historic auras better than Paris which has modern up a little bit. Back to the main point, the package included accommodations, transports, and food. So, you don’t have to worry. We will go from places to places by our tourism bus, sleeps in a very comfortable hotel and eat lots and lots of delicious food in Italy. You will fly with Air Asia on a 12 hours 31 minutes trip and land on the Fiumicino Airport in Fiumicino which is just 35 km away from Rome. Then, we will check in to your hotel, The Potrait Suites Hotel in Rome so you can rest and unpack your belongings in your rooms. After lunch at the hotel, we will bring you to some places in Rome. The first stop is The Church of San Luigi dei Francesi. It is one of the most visited churches in Rome. The uniqueness about this church is the interior and exterior designs and the tombs of the well-known French people in Italy. Then, we will go to the Coliseum. Everybody knows The Coliseum, right? It portrays the greatest works of Roman architecture and engineering. It is also known to be as the place for gladiators contest. We will be having dinner at the neighborhood of Trastevere. The neighborhood is known for its restaurants. Furthermore, the view of Trastevere at night is very pleasant. Other than that, we are also going to take you to Venice. Venice is the second attraction in Italy which is full of palaces and churches. We have the Palazzo and Musica A Palazzo. Palazzo or more specifically known as Palazzo Venezia is a very beautiful place for you to capture some photographs for memories. The palace is magnificently eye catching. After that, we stop by the Musica A Palazzo. We will let you experience watching  an original Italian soap opera in the one and only historic place, Musica A Palazzo. Then, we head to San Rocco, the historical church known to be the grave of a priest there. At night, we will bring you to the Grand Canal where you can have a water taxi experience. The views from the taxis are very breath taking at night. So, we will spend our nights in the taxis and after that have a walk in the streets near the canal where you can shop for souvenirs. The third attraction that we would love to offer you is Florence. Florence is known for the monuments, museums and religious buildings. First, we can visit the Bargello Museum which is the Florence government building. Next, we can visit other historical museums such as Museo Galileo, the science museum. Then, we can take some photographs at the Giotto Bell Tower. After that, we can stroll at the parks and street known as Piazza. The prices that we are offering are very affordable for everyone because the package includes accommodation, transport and breakfast. There are individual, family and group packages. For the individual package, we already set the nett price as low as RM2000. As for the family package which includes 2 adults and 2 children, is only for RM6000 nett price. The group package which has to be more than 8 persons will be at very low price for just RM1000 per person. Affordable, isn’t it? So, what are you waiting for? Get your passports ready and make your reservations now. We will be waiting for you to be a part of this amazing journey. Thank you.

Muscle Reading Essay Example

Muscle Reading Essay Example Muscle Reading Paper Muscle Reading Paper Assignment 04 Part A: Muscle Reading 1. Reviewing information increases brain activity, especially the long-term memory. The more you recall or access information, the easier to remember it. 2. Before you read preview, outline, question. While you read read, underline, answer.   Ã‚  Ã‚   After you read recite, review, review again. 3. The first part of muscle reading is to picture yourself go through the material and make up questions. The second is to work your muscles as you read. The third involves reviewing aloud the things you learned. 4. â€Å"A review within 24 hours moves information from your short-term memory to your long-term memory.† 5. Preview may include any or all of these: scanning the table of contents, flipping through the pages of a chapter, taking note of summaries, and observing headings and subheadings. 6. Ellis suggests the following: visualizing or forming a mental picture of the concept or idea; reading the material aloud; and getting a â€Å"feel†, a sense, or texture (even if imaginary) of the subject. 7. a. Pry out questions. Root up answers, Recite, review and preview again.   Ã‚  Ã‚   b. What makes an effective leader?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What does it mean when the author says, â€Å"We are all   leaders†?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Who are considered leaders?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Are people with titles the only leaders?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   How do you own your leadership?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Why do we have to be a leader?   Ã‚  Ã‚   c. Read carefully first. Make choices about what to highlight. Underline then highlight.   Ã‚  Ã‚   d. An effective leader owns his leadership.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     It means at some point in our lives we have to assume a leadership position.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mahatma Gandhi is a leader.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   People with titles are not the only leaders.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To own your leadership, you should not to back out from the responsibility when   Ã‚   opportunity arises.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It can’t be avoided.    e. Using some of the strategies for muscle reading helped me to understand the material more. Previewing gives a feel of the material, however superficial. However, the suggestions for marking the text are time-consuming. To read the material and underline and read it again for highlighting is repetitive.   I wonder if there are other, easier ways. Part B. CyberLearning 1. Adam Robinson believes that the best students ask the same fundamental questions. He calls these 12 questions CyberLearning. The first six questions have to do with the student getting acquainted or â€Å"creating a dialogue† with the text. The next six questions are about learning from the text through organization and note taking. 2. a. I read this article in order to hoping I would learn tips on hoe to communicate effectively to people of different cultural backgrounds, especially non-Americans. As I came across the title, the first word that stuck was culture. Race and class are ideas I usually associate with culture. African Americans and American Indians also came to mind. I think the article tries to explain why it’s important to learn how use different communication styles for different sorts of people. The important concepts that have to be noted are desire, knowledge and skill.   Ã‚  Ã‚   b. I am also interested about conflict management. An environment that is culturally diverse is like to have conflict. Important tips are â€Å"keep temper in check† and â€Å"be patient.† Author also suggests giving crit in private, give the other person space, don’t intimidate   Ã‚  Ã‚   c. I am interested about conflict management because I sometimes instigate conflict unintentionally. An environment that is cultural diverse is likely to have conflict. According to the author, dealing with culturally different people requires patience. Rash temper should be avoided. Giving criticisms in private conveys respect for the culturally different person. Intimidation is a good way to get what you want, but the author advises otherwise: give the other person space.   Ã‚   d. I will definitely use note taking (which includes paraphrasing) to remember this material. I will also select, underline and highlight important passages and terms. I will keep in mind everything that I learned by regularly retrieving them in my memory and applying them to specific situations.   Ã‚   e. I work in an office that is culturally diverse. I can apply the ideas found in this article by being conscious of my communication style. I should adjust my style according to the attitudes of my peers and supervisors, and with respect to their customs. Familiarity with cultural nuances and idiosyncracies will hopefully make my job less stressful and encourage coworkers especially the minorities to like me. Part C. Exploring other Reading Strategies 1. Construct a word stack, from â€Å"Read with a Dictionary in Your Lap† (p.142). To enrich one’s vocabulary, the author suggests noting down an unfamiliar word in an index card, including the sentence in which it was used, and looking up its definition and etymology in the dictionary. The reader should collate these cards. This strategy will develop in me a conscious effort to improve my vocabulary. A robust vocabulary will help me write better. 2. Notice and release ineffective habits, from â€Å"Reading Fast† (pp. 143-144). Sometimes our eyes have the tendency to go slow and read the same words over and over without our noticing it. Sometimes, too, we get so used to the habit of reading every letter. We have to be aware of and change these habits, said the author. I am prone to doing these things, and I realize that I have to get rid of them. Instead of reading letters, I should probably try to read chucks of words, and stay focused on my reading. 3. Read it again, from â€Å"When Reading is Tough† (pp.145-146). When dealing with technical material, the author suggests taking breaks instead of forcing oneself to digest the material. Once the brain recharges, it is easier to read the text the second time. Frankly, I’m too lazy to read, let alone read the same thing twice. This tip is sure to be a challenge. 4. Visualization, from â€Å"Remembering What You Read† (csbsju.edu/academicadvising/help/remread.htm, accessed 1 February 2008). This strategy prescribes the use of mental images to recall ideas, concepts or persons. Associating an idea with a mental picture would enhance my memory and make studying more profitable. 5. Association, from â€Å"Remembering What You Read† (csbsju.edu/academicadvising/help/remread.htm, accessed 1 February 2008). This strategy entails grouping related ideas together. When reading a text for example, the reader takes down important information and links ideas that are related to each other. The relationship, of course, is intuitively made by the reader. This skill will help me select and organize necessary information.

Free Essays on Microprocesor History

Microprocessor History A microprocessor - also known as a CPU or Central Processing Unit - is a complete computation engine that is fabricated on a single chip. The first microprocessor was the Intel 4004, introduced in 1971. The 4004 was not very powerful - all it could do was add and subtract, and it could only do that four bits at a time. But it was amazing that everything was on one chip. Prior to the 4004, engineers built computers either from collections of chips or from discrete components (transistors wired one at a time). The 4004 powered one of the first portable electronic calculators. The first microprocessor to make it into a home computer was the Intel 8080, a complete 8-bit computer on one chip introduced in 1974. The first microprocessor to make a real splash in the market was the Intel 8088, introduced in 1979 and incorporated into the IBM PC (which first appeared in 1982 or so). If you are familiar with the PC market and its history, you know that the PC market moved from the 8088 to the 80286 to the 80386 to the 80486 to the Pentium to the Pentium-II to the new Pentium-III. All of these microprocessors are made by Intel and all of them are improvements on the basic design of the 8088. The new Pentiums-IIIs can execute any piece of code that ran on the original 8088, but the Pentium-III runs about 3,000 times faster! The following table helps you to understand the differences between the different processors that Intel has introduced over the years. Name Date Transistors Microns Clock speed Data width MIPS 8080 1974 6,000 6 2 MHz 8 0.64 MIPS First home computers 8088 1979 29,000 3 5 MHz 16 bits, 8 bit bus 0.33 MIPS First IBM PC 80286 1982 134,000 1.5 6 MHz 16 bits 1 MIPS IBM ATs. Up to 2.66 MIPS at 12 MHz 80386 1985 275,000 1.5 16 MHz 32 bits 5 MIPS Eventually 33 MHz, 11.4 MIPS 80486 1989 1,200,000 1 25 MHz 32 bits 20 MIPS Eventually 50 MHz, 41 MIPS Pentium 1993 3,100,000 0.8 60 MHz 32 bits, 64 bit bus 10... Free Essays on Microprocesor History Free Essays on Microprocesor History Microprocessor History A microprocessor - also known as a CPU or Central Processing Unit - is a complete computation engine that is fabricated on a single chip. The first microprocessor was the Intel 4004, introduced in 1971. The 4004 was not very powerful - all it could do was add and subtract, and it could only do that four bits at a time. But it was amazing that everything was on one chip. Prior to the 4004, engineers built computers either from collections of chips or from discrete components (transistors wired one at a time). The 4004 powered one of the first portable electronic calculators. The first microprocessor to make it into a home computer was the Intel 8080, a complete 8-bit computer on one chip introduced in 1974. The first microprocessor to make a real splash in the market was the Intel 8088, introduced in 1979 and incorporated into the IBM PC (which first appeared in 1982 or so). If you are familiar with the PC market and its history, you know that the PC market moved from the 8088 to the 80286 to the 80386 to the 80486 to the Pentium to the Pentium-II to the new Pentium-III. All of these microprocessors are made by Intel and all of them are improvements on the basic design of the 8088. The new Pentiums-IIIs can execute any piece of code that ran on the original 8088, but the Pentium-III runs about 3,000 times faster! The following table helps you to understand the differences between the different processors that Intel has introduced over the years. Name Date Transistors Microns Clock speed Data width MIPS 8080 1974 6,000 6 2 MHz 8 0.64 MIPS First home computers 8088 1979 29,000 3 5 MHz 16 bits, 8 bit bus 0.33 MIPS First IBM PC 80286 1982 134,000 1.5 6 MHz 16 bits 1 MIPS IBM ATs. Up to 2.66 MIPS at 12 MHz 80386 1985 275,000 1.5 16 MHz 32 bits 5 MIPS Eventually 33 MHz, 11.4 MIPS 80486 1989 1,200,000 1 25 MHz 32 bits 20 MIPS Eventually 50 MHz, 41 MIPS Pentium 1993 3,100,000 0.8 60 MHz 32 bits, 64 bit bus 10...